HOW MUCH DOES POLITICAL LEADERSHIP MATTER?

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
1 Ch. 16 Political Executives. 2 Who’s who in the executive? The executive is, technically, the branch of government that is responsible for the execution.
Advertisements

Chapter 6 The Individual.
Chapter 10 THE PRESIDENT: Governing in Uncertain Times Behavioral/Historical Focus © 2011 Taylor & Francis.
Today’s Topics Parties and Parliamentary vs. Presidential Institutions 1.Electoral systems’ effects on other political values. 2.Political parties. 3.Parliamentary.
Contingency Theories of Effective Leadership
Chinese foreign policymaking: institutions and processes Foreign policymaking is related to institutions and processes Foreign policy institution is an.
HOW DO WE STUDY POLITICAL LEADERS?. THE BIG QUESTIONS: What exactly is a typology, and why is it useful to classify leaders? What are some of the best.
Introducing Comparative Politics
The best way for citizens to participate in their government is by voting. Voting can take many forms. Citizens can vote directly for their leader and.
WHY STUDY POLITICAL LEADERS? The big questions: What is a leader? What do we mean when we say that leaders matter for outcomes? Why might the attributes.
TOTALITARIANISM AND AUTHORITARIANISM IN CHINA Period 1: Revolution and complete totalitarianism? 1919 overthrow of the west-weakened Qing dynasty -> Civil.
Prime Ministerial debate Do we really have an Elected Dictator? Has the Prime Minister become more Presidential? V’s.
Foreign Policy CHAPTER FOUR Dr. Clayton Thyne
Institutional Design: Electoral Systems and Executive- Legislative Relations Plan for Today 1. Understand the characteristics and democratic consequences.
Democratic Governments There are two major kinds of representative democratic governments: Parliamentary Presidential Parliamentary vs. Presidential.
WHY DO SOME SOCIETIES/ STATES/CULTURES FIGHT MORE THAN OTHERS?
WHAT MAKES THE ADVANCED DEMOCRACIES DIFFERENT FROM OTHER COUNTRIES? What makes them economically advanced? GDP at >$12K PPP, per cap; service-dominant.
THE GOOD (DEMOCRATS) THE BAD (AUTHORITARIANS) THE UGLY (TOTALITARIANS)
Leadership Unit Career & Family Leadership. Leadership = Relationships Past= leadership revolved around 1 person and their actions. Today= leadership.
(dichotomous) Understanding American History through the American Presidency Traditional presidency  Passive presidents  Congressional dominance  Party.
The American System.  Two major questions each society must answer about government  Who gets the power? ▪ Political SCIENCE  How should that power.
I. Modern Presidency Approach biography
HOW DO WE STUDY POLITICAL LEADERS?. THE BIG QUESTIONS: What exactly is a typology and why is it useful to classify leaders? What are some of the best.
People and Government. Academic Vocabulary (Key terms): State Nation Sovereignty Government Autocracy Oligarchy Democracy Republic.
The Electoral College GOAL: Evaluate the Electoral College system.
Chapter 1 Introduction to Public administration. Public administration is concerned with the management of public programs. Public administrators work.
Chapter 14 The Presidency
WHAT IS COMPARATIVE POLITICS?
Essential Questioning
Lecture #8 Foreign Policy Decision Making
Stephen P. Robbins & Timothy A. Judge
Ethical Decision Making and Ethical Leadership
Presidential Evaluation
Voting, Campaigns, and Elections
Chapter 11 CONGRESS.
Political Spectrum: Left Wing vs Right Wing
Transactional and Transformational Leadership
WHAT MAKES THE ADVANCED DEMOCRACIES DIFFERENT FROM OTHER COUNTRIES?
Secondary PowerPoint 1: Government and Democracy
Chapter 11 The Presidency
WHAT IS COMPARATIVE POLITICS?
Contemporary Political Theory
Parliamentary & Presidential DEMOCRACIES
Explain why the study of leadership is so complicated and identify some of the various debates about the study of leadership Describe the different theories.
HOW POWERFUL IS THE PRESIDENT?
Uncle Sam’s Agents The USA Party
Secondary PowerPoint 1: Government and Democracy
What Does It Mean to Be a Leader?
HOW MUCH DOES POLITICAL LEADERSHIP MATTER?
Cosmopolitianism.
Oh, No! Another unseen hand metaphor
WHAT MAKES THE ADVANCED DEMOCRACIES DIFFERENT FROM OTHER COUNTRIES?
Chapter 12 & 13 Political Parties and Elections.
TOTALITARIANISM AND AUTHORITARIANISM IN CHINA
The Presidency Chapter 11 CHAPTER 11: THE PRESIDENCY.
WHAT MAKES THE ADVANCED DEMOCRACIES DIFFERENT FROM OTHER COUNTRIES?
The Presidency Chapter 14 CHAPTER 14: THE PRESIDENCY.
Organisational Elements and Cycles.
WHY DO STATES DO WHAT THEY DO
Reforms Continued in Britain
Personality Dispositions Over Time: Stability, Change, and Coherence
The Study of American Government
Secondary PowerPoint 1: Government and Democracy
People and government
GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS TEST
Introduction to Public administration
THE BAD (AUTHORITARIANS) THE UGLY (TOTALITARIANS)
WHY DO STATES DO WHAT THEY DO? LEVELS OF ANALYSIS
American Politics News
CHAPTER 10 Leadership.
Presentation transcript:

HOW MUCH DOES POLITICAL LEADERSHIP MATTER? What is statecraft and how relevant are statesmen in its pursuit? And why doesn’t political science study leadership (“agency”) much? Example: realism vs. comparative politics (structuralism, and social forces, and institutionalism) vs. political psychology Most important political thinkers (except for Marx) have thought strong, morally-driven, visionary leaders are really important (i.e., “transformational rather than transactional”) are important, so why do leaders matter so much less in the advanced democracies than elsewhere? Why do leaders in general seem to matter a whole bunch less than they used to?: Democratization, technology, institutional learning, cultural change Some leadership terms you should know: Dictators vs. tyrants vs. totalitarians, demagogues/populists, modernizing tyrants, citizen-leaders, figureheads, “heads of government” vs “heads of state,” PMs vs. presidents… What’s the difference between a “delegate” and a “trustee”? What kind of leaders are best? Technocrats and politicos: Which is better?

WHEN DO POLITICAL LEADERS MATTER? James McGregor Burns/Nye: Transformational (necessary & mostly sufficient for outcomes) vs. transactional (outcome benders) leaders As Nye points out, some politicians have an inspirational (it looks like transformational) “style” but pursue incremental or SQ objectives, while other pols may show a transactional “style” while pursuing transformational objectives (Deng Xioaping vs. Mao Zedong) There are several factors that matter in how much autonomous power leaders will have: Institutional place and actual powers (foreign vs. domestic presidencies) Crises allow for openings as do where a system is in its historical cycle (“wave” elections) The selectorate: Who, its openness to change, what it requires with respect to leader initiative, its acceptance for and frequency with which it evaluates failure (two terms pushes presidents to be ambitious, but perhaps too attentive to historical legacy)

WHEN DO POLITICAL LEADERS MATTER? What’s going on in leader’s head matters a lot, too. The way s/he thinks: cognitive style (openness, complexity), primary motivation (achievement, affiliation, or power) , world view (operational code), and traits (e.g. risk, extraversion, agreeableness, openness to new experiences, conscientiousness, emotional stability) Personality (Problematic types: Narcissism, paranoia, obsessive compulsive) Mukunda: At least in the US and Britain: How much previous experience a politician has will strongly impact their willingness to be transformational… The more experience, the less likely to think and do radical things. How does that play out in the US? Next slide….

EXPERIENCE AND PRESIDENTIAL GREATNESS- Top 1/2

EXPERIENCE AND PRESIDENTIAL GREATNESS- Bottom

WHAT MAKES SOME US PRESIDENTS BETTER THAN OTHERS? What makes a “great” president? Context and setting The constitutional presidency, party politics, and changes over time Stephen Skowronek’s notion of “political time” Presidential staffs: Gatekeepers, groupthink Institutional cultures/autonomy, SOPs, and leadership choices Bureaucratic politics Does the individual president matter? What kind of leader does our electoral system produce? James David Barber’s work on presidential character: active/passive; pos./negative Richard Neudstadt’s ideas about “political capital” Jeff Tullis’s “rhetorical president” But again, remember Nye’s caution that transactional leaders can be better.