AND The Periodic Table C.

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Presentation transcript:

AND The Periodic Table C

particle element Atomic Theory

said atoms were small hard balls that could not be divided + e- said atoms had negatively charged electrons set in a positive sphere + e- + e- + + e- e- + + e- e- was surprised that a few particles were deflected strongly 3+ e- e- said electrons move in specific orbits around the nucleus of an atom e- e- 3+ e- e- e- said electrons move rapidly in different directions around the nucleus 6+

atom nucleus protons neutrons nucleus electrons

A small particle in the nucleus of the atom, with no electrical charge Cloud of Electrons An electron is a tiny, negatively charged particle that moves around the nucleus of an atom Neutron A small particle in the nucleus of the atom, with no electrical charge Nucleus The central core of an atom containing protons and usually neutrons Proton A proton is a small, positively charged particle in the nucleus of the atom.

There are the same number of protons and electrons! The positive charge equals the negative charge. This atom is neutral! Protons are shown by a plus sign. They have a charge of +1. Electrons are shown by the symbol e-. Neutrons don’t affect the charge of an atom because they have a charge of 0. They have a charge of -1.

element 7 8 9 10

an atom with the same number isotopes isotope an atom with the same number of protons and different numbers of neutrons. mass number the sum of the protons and neutrons in the atom

positive and negative charges attract valence electrons chemical reactions positive and negative charges attract

valence electrons valence electrons isotopes

Periodic Table of Elements Atomic mass Periodic Table

This is the number of protons it has! Chemical Symbol Atomic Number This one or two letters! This is the number of protons it has! Atomic Mass The average mass of one atom of an element Element Name

Periodic Table of Elements energy shells

Electrons in the outer energy shell group Element Name group Electrons in the outer energy shell family periodic table

Metals shiny bendable

is shiny and reflective can be hammered or rolled into shapes can be pulled into long wires attracted to certain metals/magnets ability to transmit heat or electricity ability of an object to transfer heat ability of an object to carry an electric current the speed that an element reacts with another substance the deterioration of a metal due to a chemical reaction

Nonmetals hydrogen poor conductors of electricity usually have lower densities they usually gain or share electrons when they react with other atoms

Most nonmetals are gases at room temperature. Carbon Family Nitrogen Family Oxygen Family Halogen Family Noble Gases Hydrogen Most nonmetals are gases at room temperature. Metalloids have some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals.

C