Stress Review.

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Presentation transcript:

Stress Review

Defense Mechanisms - repression - displacement - projection - reaction formation - withdrawal - regression - denial - identification

Biofeedback Information about bodily state that tells us how much stress we are experiencing.

_____homeostasis_____________ State of internal biological balance Hormonal resting state

_Autonomic Nervous System__ Subsystem of the nervous system that is made up of the sympathetic and para-sympathetic nervous systems that react to and help us recover from stress.

Sympathetic Nervous System Releases adrenaline (epinephrine) Dilates pupils Increase heart rate Decrease digestion arousal

Parasympathetic Nervous System Calming Returns to homeostasis Constricts pupils Decrease heart rate Increase digestion

___epinephrine (adrenaline)__ Major stress hormone that prepares the body for the fight or flight response. Stimulate the elevation of heart rate, dilation of pupils and bronchi, suppresses digestion.

____cortisol________________ Stress hormone involved in the mobilization of energy. Recovery of tissue damage. Over exposure to this hormone can lead to suppression of the immune system.

Types of Stress - frustration - conflict - change - pressure

Types of Conflict - approach - approach - avoidance - avoidance

_____ approach - approach ____ Type of conflict when a decision must be made between two desirable choices.

___ avoidance - avoidance ____ Type of conflict when a decision must be made between two undesirable choices.

__ approach - avoidance _____ Type of conflict when a decision is influenced by both desirable and undesirable aspects of a choice.

Type A personality - competitive, impatient, multi-tasker, hostile (easily angered) - personality characteristics affect health - hostility is best predictor of risk of heart disease.

Type D personality - depressed or distressed - negative affectivity, social inhibition Higher risk of heart disease

3 factors that influence the degree of stress we experience - control - predictability - challenge vs threat

3 most effective ways to cope with stress supported by research - active coping - planning - positive reinterpretation and growth exercise

__Yerkes – Dodson Law_____ States that there is an optimal level of arousal for performance. Moderate arousal is best for most tasks. Low arousal is better for difficult tasks. High arousal is better for easy tasks.

General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) Described by Hans Seyle He observed these stages in rats’ reaction to _stress___. Comprised of 3 stages - alarm - resistance - exhaustion

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