The Spanish Inquisition

Origins Established by Isabella and Ferdinand in 1478 Isabella and Ferdinand got the approval of the Pope Sixtus IV to expel Jews, Protestants and non-believers from Spain Tomas de Torquemada-Grand Inquisitor Also one in Portugal and Rome

Isabella

Ferdinand

Persecution It is believed that 40,000 Jews were forced out Those that stayed in Spain had to convert to Catholicism Those Jews that became Catholics became known as “converso”

The Catholics began to target Protestants in the 16th century The first group was the Lutherans Persecution was also directed toward the Moriscos, these were converts from Islam A lot of Jews and Muslims were expelled in 1492 after the Muslim stronghold of Granada fell

Motives for the Spanish Inquisition Political and religious unity Strengthen power of the Spanish monarchy Economic (confiscating property of those who were forced out) Fear

Sentencing People that refused to convert or leave were subject to trials There were several options when it came time to sentence someone Acquited Suspended (let go, but still under suspicion) Penance (guilty and had to pay fines and confess) Reconciled (guilty and may be tortured) Relaxation to the secular arm (burnt at the stake)

Auto De Fe A religious ceremony Came after a sentencing Had a mass, a prayer and brought the guilty in front of authorities for sentencing

Death Toll Isabella and Ferdinand saw the burning of 2,000 people and 15,000 were reconciled The total figures are as follows 341,021 people were put on trial 31,912 of them were killed

End of the Inquisition The Inquisition was abolished July 15th, 1834 (spread to Spanish colonies) This was a Royal Decree signed by Maria Cristina de Borbon

Torture If you do not want to learn about this, you can go in the hall Do not have to write these down

Strappado-When someone’s arms are tied behind their back and they are suspended from a ceiling. Also has weights on legs

Toca-This is when a cloth is placed in a person’s mouth and he/she is forced to ingest water. Simulates drowning

Rack-Placing someone on a table and stretching their limbs

    Spanish Chair-Person was seated and fastened into chair that had up to 2,000 spikes

Iron Maiden-Person was placed in side of a sarcophagus that had spikes in it. Spikes would stab person, but miss vital organs

Garrot-Sometimes if a person repented, they would strangle someone before burning them