Nationalism and Economic Development Ch.8 “Era of Good Feelings”

Bell Ringer Hypothesize what issues may arise during the next few Presidents. How would you guess America is going to change during the 19th century?

James Monroe Elected as president in 1816. Two terms considered the “Era of Good Feelings” Sense of Nationalism and Unity Question: But was it real???

James Monroe Achievements Acquisition of Florida Missouri Compromise Monroe Doctrine

Economic Nationalism Wanted to protect U.S industry Tariff of 1816 -Tariff put on certain goods to protect U.S industry. *First Protective Tariff in U.S history*

Henry Clay’s: American System Proposed a plan to increase our nation’s growth. 1)Protective tariffs (Implemented) 2)National Bank (Second Bank of the US) 3)Internal Improvements (Monroe wouldn’t fund)

Panic of 1819 Second Bank of US tightened credit . Many banks closed and went bankrupt Severely damaged the West Nationalism was shaken

Republican indecision Republicans flipped flopped on issues Monroe won election of 1820 without anybody running against him. “The Virginia Dynasty”

Supreme Court Cases Issue: State Vs. Federal Rights… Fletcher v Peck (1810) What: Case on land fraud in Georgia Significance: Marshall ruled that a state law could not pass legislation invalidating a contract. Martin v. Hunter’s Lease (1816) Significance: Supreme Court over state courts in constitutional rights.

Supreme Court Cases cont… Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) Significance: Overruled the state courts McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) What: Maryland tried to collect a tax from the Second Bank of the US Significance: A state could not tax a federal institution. Cohens v. Virginia (1821) Significance: States at the mercy of the Supreme Court.

Supreme Court Cases Gibbons v. Ogden (1821) Significance: Federal government’s control over interstate commerce. Worcester v. Georgia What: Invalidated Georgia law that tried to regulate citizen access to Cherokee country. Significance: Federal government over State and power to Natives.

Western Expansion Native American lands Economic issues Reasons: Native American lands Economic issues Improved Transportation Immigrants Need for farmland

Missouri Compromise 1819- 11 Free states & 11 Slave States Missouri bid for statehood Scared the North Issue: Would Missouri be free or not?

Missouri Compromise James Tallmadge proposed an amendment Prohibit more slaves from Missouri Children of slaves to be emancipated by 25. South was enraged Henry Clay proposed 3 bills 1)Missouri slave state 2)Maine free state 3)Rest of Louisiana Territory north of latitude 36 30, slavery was prohibited. *Preserved sectional balance*

Issue of Florida Spain had difficulties U.S territory was being damaged Jackson given permission to “do work” in Florida Jackson completely seizes Florida and grows even more heroic. Adams-Onis Treaty – Treaty written by JQA. Gave US Florida, We would pay Spain $5 million and had to give up area that is now Texas.

Monroe Doctrine Monroe decided to protect the Americas (North & South) from future colonization (From European countries) US was opposed any attempts to interfere with any republic in the Western Hemisphere *Illustrated we were a super power *Sense of Nationalism

Compromise with Great Britain US land issues with Great Britain & Spain Compromise with Great Britain Compromise with Spain Rush-Bagot Agreement Terms: Adams-Onis Treaty Terms: limited naval power on the Great Lakes Spain gave Florida to the United States. The United States gave up claims to present-day Texas. United States took responsibility for up to $5 million of United States citizens’ claims against Spain. Convention of 1818 Terms: gave the United States fishing rights off parts of Newfoundland and Labrador coasts established a border between the United States and Canada at the 49th parallel, as far west as the Rockies agreed to joint occupation of the Pacific Northwest

National Economy Transportation: Roads- Cumberland Road- Highway from Maryland to Illinois *How would this change society?*

Second President Adams 4 Candidates Andrew Jackson John Quincy Adams Henry Clay Will Crawford Jackson wins popular and electoral votes 12th Amendment-House of Reps has to choose from the top 3 votes Choose JQA!!! Election Video

JQA becomes the President Known as the “corrupt bargain” Andrew Jackson claimed it was an unfair process. Corrupt bargain ruins Adams presidency. Jackson is in Congress & they block everything Adams tries to do.

National Economy Canals Canals- Erie Canal in New York State in 1825 *Linked Western farms with Eastern cities. More Canals led to: Improved Transportation, lowered food prices in the East, more immigrants settle West, and stronger economic ties between two sections

Examples of Industrialization U.S railroads start being built in the late 1820’s Patents on mechanical inventions. Selling of stocks Samuel Slater incorporated factory systems Unions developed

Andrew Jackson Runs Again 1828 two parties emerge from the Republicans JQA- National Republicans: Jackson- Democratic Republicans -Harsh accusations toward each side: Adams called Jackson’s wife a bigamist (married while she was married) - Shortly after the election she died. -Jackson blames her death on Adams.