How did you become King then?

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Presentation transcript:

How did you become King then? HIST 1016 8/27/14

What is a king? (clockwise) King Tut, King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia of Sweden, the King of Rock ‘n Roll, and the Burger King

What makes a monarchy different? US President Barack Obama, Chinese President Xi Jinping, Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, and British Prime Minister David Cameron

The Present and the Past

Sovereignty Supreme authority within a territory Embodied in a state Territoriality – membership defined by residence within borders Trumps kinship, religion, tribe, feudal ties, etc.

Sovereignty Supreme authority The state does not share authority State authority trumps other authorities Supremacy Clause: US Constitution, Article Six, Clause 2 “This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof; and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the judges in every state shall be bound thereby, anything in the constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding.”

The King’s Two Bodies corpus naturale vs. corpus mysticum Collective social organizations have an enduring essence A king has a mortal body… and a enduring, supernatural body.

The King’s Two Bodies Today

The King’s Two Bodies Today

Sovereignty in the Medieval World Is there supreme authority? Kinship circles “Feudal” ties The church and other alternative authorities Tribes All people are responsible to multiple authorities. Patchwork of sovereignties

The Feudal System

Sovereignty in the Medieval World Is there territoriality? Are identity and rights defined by residence? Is sovereignty determined by boundaries? Do states with boundaries even exist? Citizens vs. subjects The right to command and the right to be obeyed vs. coercive power

The Frankish Empire (481-814)

The Frankish Empire after Charlemagne

Sovereignty in the Medieval World The holder of sovereignty Single individual or close circle Constitution or legal system The absoluteness of sovereignty Are sovereigns bound by laws or are they above the law? Are these laws natural, divine, or man made? The right to command and the right to be obeyed vs. coercive power

Sovereignty in the Medieval World Internal dimensions of sovereignty Supreme authority within boundaries External dimensions of sovereignty Are outsiders able to interfere within boundaries?

Investiture Controversy 11th-12th century rivalry between Popes and Holy Roman Emperors Who has the right to appoint clergy and govern church property? Popes appoint kings who appoint clergy who appoint popes… Popes may excommunicate king Pope Gregory VII (r. 1073-1085): Assert church authority

Peace of Westphalia Thirty Years War (1618-1648) Eighty Years War War between states of the Holy Roman Empire Catholics vs. Protestants French Bourbons vs. Habsburgs Eighty Years War (1568-1648) Dutch War of Independence Illegal to interfere within a foreign state

Who Can Claim Authority? What is the basis for authority? Hereditary Kratocracy - rule by the strong Constitutional Federal, elective, or democratic Can you challenge authority? Colonies declaring independence Popular uprising Theocracies against secular rule

Questions to Take From Here Who has authority? Who is sovereign? What kind of authority do they have? Supreme or shared/contested? Territorial or limited by effective reach? Absolute or limited? What is the basis of their authority? Hereditary/traditional? Constitutional/legal?