13 Colonies Foldable Chart Information

New England Colonies Climate: COLD!!!! Long, harsh winters Geography: rocky soil, small amounts of land Economy: Fishing, ship building, trade, whaling, lumber Subsistence farming: farming for yourself and family to eat. Not to sell!

Massachusetts Key Info Governance: Founded in: 1620 Founded by: John Winthrop Purpose: Religious freedom (to escape religious persecution) Religion: Puritan: very strict way of life. Several people got mad and left or were kicked out. Governance: Mayflower Compact: social contract signed before Pilgrims got off boat. It established self government. Boston, Massachusetts became an important port city

Connecticut Key Info Governance: Founded in: 1635 Founded by: Thomas Hooker Purpose: Religious freedom (Didn’t like way of life in Massachusetts) Governance: Fundamental Orders of Connecticut: First written constitution in America. Didn’t require a certain religion or property ownership! Thomas Hooker

Rhode Island Key Info Purpose: Founded in: 1636 Founded by: Roger Williams many of the colonists had been kicked out of Massachusetts Purpose: Religious freedom (Didn’t like way of life in Massachusetts) Purpose: First place in America where people could worship freely. (No religion was any greater than another)

New Hampshire Key Info Founded in: 1623 Founded by: John Mason Founded for: Religious freedom Was a part of Mass. until 1791

John Winthrop Massachusetts William Bradford /Puritans Colony Name   Founder/Religion Year Purpose Geography/Climate Economy Massachusetts (Plymouth) John Winthrop William Bradford /Puritans Religious freedom( for themselves, government tied to church) 1620 Mayflower Compact – 1st Self Government = “A Civil Body Politick” Puritan Town Hall Meetings Rocky Soil Short Growing Season Heavily Wooded Cold Swift Rivers Subsistence Farming – Growing only enough to feed you and your family Whaling, Fishing, Lumber, Shipbuilding, & Trade Connecticut Thomas Hooker Puritan (Left Massachusetts because of the theocracy) Religious & Political Freedom 1635 Fundamental Orders of Connecticut – Separated Church and State (Non – church members could vote) Rhode Island Roger Williams Anne Hutchinson Puritan (Thrown out of Massachusetts because they disagreed about religious doctrine) Religious Freedom 1636  Religious freedom New Hampshire John Mason 1623 (Was part of Massachusetts until 1791)

The Middle Colonies Climate: mild climate Geography: flat land, fertile soil, swift rivers, wide valleys Economy: small farms, mining, lumber, livestock, craftsmen Staple Crops: Wheat, Oats, and Grains (The Bread Basket Colonies)

New York Key Info: Important Facts: Purpose founded in1626 for economic reasons Founded by: Peter Minuit/Dutch English took over in 1664. Important Facts: Excellent natural harbor- England took over the colony for the good harbor Lucrative (very good) trade

New Jersey Key Info: Important Facts: Founder: Lord Berkely; Sweden Founded in: 1660 for economic reasons (trade). English took over in 1664 Important Facts: No natural harbors – trade wasn’t good Offered free land to attract settlers

Pennsylvania Key Info Important Facts: Founded in: 1682 for religious freedom Founded by: William Penn Religion: Quakers-peace loving people. Didn’t believe in war or slavery. Supported women’s rights. Important Facts: Founded as a religious experiment (“Penn’s Holy Experiment) Practiced religious tolerance

Delaware Key Info Founded in: 1638 for economic reasons Founded by: Swedish settlers Purpose: Trade and profit

Southern Colonies Climate: HOT! Long Spring/Summer and short mild winters Geography: Lots of good farm land, very fertile soil Economy: AGRICULTURE! AGRICULTURE! AGRICULTURE! Cash Crops: Rice, Cotton, and Tobacco

Virginia Key Info: Important Facts Founded in 1607 for economic reasons Founded by: Virginia Company Cash crop of tobacco! Tobacco saved the colony of Virginia Important Facts First colony (Jamestown, Virginia 1607) Virginia House of Burgesses: First representative government Lots of disease from mosquitoes.

North Carolina Key Info Important facts Founded in: 1660’s Founded by: 8 aristocrats Founded for: economic reasons Important facts Settled by people from Virginia’s back country. No natural harbor so they had to use South Carolina’s harbor.

South Carolina Key Info Important facts Founded in: 1660’s Founded by: 8 aristocrats Founded for: economic reasons Important facts Rice and indigo were HUGE cash crops! Depended on slave labor More lucrative than North Carolina Charlestown, South Carolina became an important port city

Maryland Key Info: Important facts: Founded in: 1634 Founded by: Cecil Calvert Founded as a safe place for Catholics Important facts: Founded for religious reasons

Georgia Key Info: Important facts: Founded in: 1733 Founded by: James Oglethorpe Founded for protection from Spanish Florida, and as a safe place for debtors Important facts: Last colony to be founded Bordered by Spanish Florida

PEGS Political Economic Geographic Social -Georgia was founded to protect the other 12 colonies from Spanish Florida -Virginia House of Burgesses (1st elected legislative assembly) -Almost all Southern Colonies were founded for economic reasons -Cash crops such as rice, indigo, and tobacco -Warm climate -Large tracts of land -Very fertile soil -Maryland was founded for religious reasons as a safe haven for Catholics -Georgia was also founded as a place for debtors and the poor to start over