The Middle Ages
The Early Middle Ages: Germanic Kingdoms Unite under Charlemagne
What Happened to Rome?? By the end of the 5th century, Germanic invaders had destroyed the Roman Empire…
What Happened to Rome?? The Impact of Invasion: Disruption of Trade Downfall of Cities Population Shifts Decline of Learning Loss of Common Language
What Happened to Rome?? BUT, there was one institution that survived the fall of Rome…
The CHURCH!!
Germanic Kingdoms Emerge
Germanic Kingdoms Emerge Between AD 400 & 600 small Germanic Kingdoms replaced large Roman provinces What impact did these small kingdoms have on government?
Germanic Kingdoms Emerge In GAUL, a Germanic people called the FRANKS held power Influential Frankish Ruler: Clovis
Germanic Kingdoms Emerge CLOVIS: Converted to Christianity Gained support of the Church in Rome United Franks into one kingdom
Europe & the Muslim World
Europe & the Muslim World 622: The development of Islam… The Muslims built a huge empire & began to overrun Christian lands
Europe & the Muslim World Battle of Tours (732): Frankish ruler, Charles Martel defeated a Muslim raiding party from Spain
Europe & the Muslim World Important victory for European Christians Made Charles Martel a Christian hero
The Family Tree Charles Martel Martel’s SON: Pepin the Short Pepin’s SON: CHARLEMAGNE (Charles the Great)
Charlemagne
Charlemagne’s Empire Empire included: 2/3 of Italy All of present day France Small part of Spain All of German Saxony
Charlemagne, the Hero? Spread Christianity through his conquest of other lands AD 800 – Pope Leo III called Charlemagne to Rome in order to crush an unruly mob SUCCESS!!!
Charlemagne, the Hero? In gratitude, the Pope crowned Charlemagne & called him the “Roman Emperor”
Charlemagne, the Hero? Significance? A Christian Pope crowned a German king as the successor to the Roman Emperors Legitimized Charlemagne’s rule over the former Roman Empire
Charlemagne, the Hero? Revived the ideal of a UNITED CHRISTIAN COMMUNITY Also paved the way for future power struggles between Roman Catholic Popes and German Emperors
Charlemagne’s Accomplishments Government: Appointed nobles to rule over local regions STRONG, EFFICIENT & ORDERLY!
Charlemagne’s Accomplishments Learning: Wanted to make a “second Rome” in Aachen Revived Latin learning
Charlemagne’s Accomplishments Curriculum included grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, geometry, music & astronomy Became the EDUCATIONAL MODEL for Medieval Europe
Charlemagne’s Heirs A year before his death, Charlemagne crowned his only surviving son, Louis the Pious, as emperor
Charlemagne’s Heirs Louis was an INEFFECTIVE leader, but had 3 sons: Lothair, Charles the Bald & Louis the German Fought for control of the empire…
Charlemagne’s Heirs Civil War ended in 843 with the TREATY OF VERDUN Divided Charlemagne’s Empire into 3 Kingdoms
Charlemagne’s Legacy Despite the breakdown of the empire, Charlemagne left a lasting legacy… Extended Christian civilization into N. Europe
Charlemagne’s Legacy Further blended Greek, Roman & Christian traditions Educational model Strong, efficient gov’t – example for later medieval rulers