Chapter 17A General Chemistry Mr. Mata

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 17A General Chemistry Mr. Mata Reaction Kinetics Chapter 17A General Chemistry Mr. Mata

Standard 8b Students will know how reaction rates depend on factors like concentration, temperature, & pressure.

Essential Question: What factors influence the reaction rate of a chemical reaction?

What is a Reaction Rate? Chemical kinetics = rates of reaction Reactants disappear/products appear . Reaction rate is fastest at the beginning of reaction and slows down as reactant concentrations decrease. Three factors must be met for reactions to occur: Collision frequency Orientation Activation energy (Ea)

Collision Theory Collision frequency = rate @ which particles make contact with each other. Key idea: molecules must collide with each other to react. Successful collisions: Collide with each other . Have the correct orientation. Have enough energy to break bonds.

Unsuccessful Collisions Orientation Particle Orientation Required Orientation Unsuccessful Collisions Successful Collision

Activation Energy (Ea) minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur. Activation Energy

Activation Energy (Ea) Low Ea = instantaneous reaction High Ea = slower reaction Ea

Factors affecting Reaction Rate Surface area High surface area = fast reaction rate More opportunities for collisions. Increase surface area by… Using smaller particles. Dissolving in water.

Factors affecting Reaction Rate Concentration high concentration = fast reaction rate more opportunities for collisions.

Factors affecting Reaction Rate Temperature - High temperature = fast reaction rate Higher kinetic energy Faster moving particles. More likely to reach activation energy. Generally, rate of reaction doubles for each 10 C temperature increase.

Factors affecting Reaction Rate Catalyst substance that increases reaction rate without being consumed in the reaction. lowers the activation energy.

Chapter 17 SUTW Prompt Describe how temperature, concentration, and surface area affect chemical reaction rates. Complete a 11 -12 sentence paragraph using the SUTW paragraph format. Hilight using green, yellow, and pink. Due Date: Monday, March 19, 2018 at beginning of your regular class period.