Question 3 – Medicine paper Monday, 31 December 2018 Question 3 – Medicine paper Study Source C. How useful is this cartoon to a historian who is investigating public health problems in Britain in the mid-nineteenth century? Use Source C and your own knowledge to explain your answer. (8) Always make sure that you underline the key parts of the question. This will help you make sure that you are using the correct source and are focusing on the time period in the question. Also remember to use the source as well as your own knowledge. This is key to achieving a good mark.

The source Source C: A cartoon from ‘Punch’ magazine, published in Britain in 1858.

The 6 W’s! What? (1) Who? What? (2) Where? Why? When? Source C: A cartoon from ‘Punch’ magazine, published in Britain in 1858.

The 6 W rule for examining sources What (1) – information does the source tell you? What (2) – type of source is it? A cartoon, letter etc. Why – was the source produced? To persuade, inform? Who – wrote / drew the source? Where – did they get their information from? Eyewitness? Other sources? When – was it written/ drawn? At the time? Later on?

Mark scheme Level 1 (1-2 marks) Judgement based on simple valid criteria. The source is useful because it is from a British cartoon etc. Level 2 (3-6 marks) Judgement is based on the usefulness of the source because of its content and reliability. It is useful because it shows us that pollution in London was an issue of concern as cartoon’s are being published in national magazines etc. Level 3 (7-8 marks) Judgement is based on an evaluation of the usefulness of the source’s content in the light of its provenance/ reliability. The cartoon is intended to draw attention to the poor conditions and persuade people of the need to invest in public health. Include the work of Bazalgette Mention the Great Stink etc. To achieve a level 3 you must include own knowledge

What makes a good answer? Judgement is based on an evaluation of the usefulness of the source’s content in the light of its provenance/reliability. Answer considers the value of information, taking into account its reliability or how representative it is, making explicit what difference this makes to what the source can contribute. What are the examiners after? This is a section of answer they would award a Level 3 to – that is 7-8 marks (out of 8) ‘The cartoon is intended to draw attention to the poor conditions and persuade people of the need to invest in public health, therefore it is useful in showing that pollution was an issue of public concern but not entirely reliable in showing the extent or nature of the problem because the figure of death exaggerates the problem of pollution. It was done shortly after the ‘Great Stink’ in London and various cholera epidemics, but there is little to show how widespread the problem was or to explain the context of Balzalgette’s work and the changing attitudes towards public health.”