Japan, Pearl Harbor and War Section 1

Japanese ambitions in the Pacific With the fall of France and Britain under siege, colonies in Pacific are unprotected. July, 1941: Japan takes over French bases in Indochina (today Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos)… threatens move on Dutch East Indies need oil, rubber, tin

U.S Reaction to Japanese Aggression FDR orders freeze of Japanese assets in the U.S. Places embargo on sales of scrap steel and aviation fuel to Japan Japan must have oil to fuel its war machine Japan threatens to seize oil fields in Dutch East Indies This would mean war

U.S. breaks Japanese secret communications code Learns that Japan is preparing for a strike - Did not know from where attack would occur Peace talks fail - Dec. 6th: Japan rejects U.S Sec. Of State Cordell Hull’s proposal to release Japanese assets in return for Japan’s withdrawal from China and French Indochina… Talk about conspiracy theory…

Japan Attacks the United States

Pearl Harbor: Home of the U.S. Pacific Fleet 7

Japanese planes prepare to take off for the Pearl Harbor attack

Torpedo exploding into USS West Virginia, as seen from Japanese plane

USS Utah took a torpedo hit and capsized early in the battle…the wreck remains at Pearl Harbor

U.S.S. Arizona

“A date that live in infamy…” http://www.historyofwar.org/Pictures/PearlHarbor04.jpg 12

American casualties: 2403 killed, 1,178 wounded 21 ships; 300 aircraft damaged or destroyed

US Enters the War December 8, 1941 US declares war on Japan December 11, 1941 Germany declares war on the United States FDR http://dase.laits.utexas.edu/media/american_politics_collection/viewitem/000117156_400.jpg 14

Americans join war effort Demand for GI’s 5 million volunteered 10 million drafted Labor shortage at home 6 million women join labor force 2 million minorities hired

Industrial response Automobile plants were converted to build tanks, armored vehicles, etc. Factories across nation convert to war production Shipbuilder Henry J Kaiser Liberty ships could be built in 2 weeks 2,700 would be built during the war Pulled US out of depression: U.S meets up to labor demands

The American Homefront The United States gov’t stirs patriotic feelings Movies are used to build morale Propaganda is used to keep war effort going Education for Death Racist Propaganda cartoon civilians rationed goods/supplies and started Victory Gardens http://www.ethicurean.com/wp-content/uploads/image/plant-victory-garden.jpg 17

Continued War Effort http://z.about.com/d/politicalhumor/1/0/R/O/propaganda_quiet.jpg http://www.teacheroz.com/images/homes.gif 18

19 http://www.usmm.org/p/looselips.jpg http://bss.sfsu.edu/tygiel/Hist427/1940sphotos/posters/ridewithhitler.jpg http://www.usmm.org/p/looselips.jpg 19

Women Enter the Workforce http://www.rosietheriveterphotos.com/images/070705172615_Woman_Working_a_War_Job_LG.jpg http://www.edupics.com/en-coloring-pictures-pages-photo-rosie-the-riveter-p7219.jpg 20

Japanese Americans Interned Many Americans distrusted Japanese –Americans (Nisei) Thousands of Japanese -Americans were forced into Internment Camps in the Midwest throughout WWII http://www.library.wwu.edu/ref/images/japanese-evacuation.jpg 21

http://peacecorpsonline. org/messages/imagefolder/japaneseinternment http://peacecorpsonline.org/messages/imagefolder/japaneseinternment.jpg 22

Internment Camp http://www.colorado.gov/dpa/doit/archives/wwcod/image8-2.gif 23

http://education. eastwestcenter http://education.eastwestcenter.org/asiapacificed/ph2006/PH2006projects/7_clip_image001.jpg 24

End of Sec. 1 Notes HW: read Sec 1 of Required Reading and do the worksheet…. You can find both of these docs on my Web page