by Joseph M. Jez, Soon Goo Lee, and Ashley M. Sherp The next green movement: Plant biology for the environment and sustainability by Joseph M. Jez, Soon Goo Lee, and Ashley M. Sherp Science Volume 353(6305):1241-1244 September 16, 2016 Published by AAAS

Fig. 1 Modern research tools support a cycle of discovery spanning atoms to ecosystems. Joseph M. Jez et al. Science 2016;353:1241-1244 Published by AAAS

Fig. 2 Improving nitrogen and phosphorus use. Improving nitrogen and phosphorus use. (Left) Legume-Rhizobium symbiosis leads to nodule formation and nitrogen fixation. (Right) In nonlegume plants, nitrogen-related pathways are targets for breeding and genetic engineering. Different strategies for engineering nitrogen fixation are indicated. Most phosphorus is lost, but alterations of root structure and engineered pathways that select for phosphorus forms can enhance efficiency. Joseph M. Jez et al. Science 2016;353:1241-1244 Published by AAAS

Fig. 3 Improving carbon fixation and water use. Improving carbon fixation and water use. Breeding efforts to alter leaves and engineering of photosynthesis aim to improve the efficiency of carbon fixation. The multigenic nature of water-stress–related pathways requires researchers to target key control points that alter multiple other steps in various response/protective networks. Joseph M. Jez et al. Science 2016;353:1241-1244 Published by AAAS