Kingdom Plantae

A Vascular System Enables Plants to Thrive on Land Most plants need a “plumbing” system to transport water, minerals and nutrients. This system is known as the VASCULAR SYSTEM.

Features of Vascular Plants Has true roots, stems, and leaves. Roots take in water and nutrients from the soil. They also anchor the plant to the earth. Stems support the plant. Leaves use sunlight to make food for the plant through photosynthesis. Vascular tissues flow through the tubes carrying food, water and nutrients. Have tubes for transporting food, water, and nutrients throughout the plant. Vascular tissues flow through the tubes. Phloem is the vascular tissue that carries food from the leaves to the other parts of the plant. Phloem distributed food to the cells all over the plant. Xylem is the vascular tissue that carries water and nutrients from the roots to the other parts of the plant. Xylem distributes water and nutrients to the cells all over the plant. Produce seeds.

Vascular Plants Seed plants Seedless plants Angiosperms Gymnosperms Produce spores instead of seeds. Angiosperms Flowering plants that produce seeds inside fruit. Gymnosperms Seeds inside cones or fleshy structures. Naked seeds

Vascular Seed Plants There are 5 phyla of living seed plants. Four of these phyla are collectively known as GYMNOSPERM. The other phyla is ANGIOSPERMS.

Nonvascular Plants (All seedless) Bryophyta “Mosses” Small spores Hepatophyta “ Liverworts” Simplest of plants. Flat leafy body lacking cuticle, stomata, roots, stems or leaves Anthocerophyta “Hornworts”