Roman Republic – Key Terms Unit 5: Roman Republic

Directions: Each slide on this PowerPoint corresponds with one “key term” on your Roman Republic key term list. Write the definition for each term in the proper box. You must write EVERYTHING on the slide in the corresponding box. Even if there are multiple bullet points! Do not leave anything out!

Republic A Republic is a type of democratic government A republic is also known as a “Representative Democracy” In a republic, voters elect officials to run the government

Citizenship Membership in a community A citizen participates in government (ex: voting) and has certain duties and responsibilities

Slavery Ownership and complete control of a person In ancient Rome, slavery was NOT always based on race.

Alien A person from another country, a foreigner Non-Romans living in the Roman Republic

Groups of Roman citizens who voted on laws and elected officials Assemblies Groups of Roman citizens who voted on laws and elected officials

Senate The most influential and powerful of the Roman governing bodies Controlled public funds and foreign policy

Consul Two chief executives (presidents) that ran the government and served 1 year terms

Patricians Powerful landowners who controlled the government

Plebeians Made up most of the population and were mainly farmers and workers

Twelve Tables Laws of the Roman Republic engraved on twelve stone tablets

Mediterranean Basin A geographic region characterized by the Mediterranean Sea and it’s surrounding land area including: North Africa Southern Europe The Eastern Mediterranean (the Hellenistic world) Western Asia (Asia Minor/Anatolia)

Punic Wars 3 costly wars between the Roman Republic and Carthage over control of the Mediterranean Basin Carthage = City in North Africa that had once been a Phoenician colony (The Latin adjective for Phoenician is punicus - That’s why they were called the PUNIC Wars!)

Hannibal A Carthaginian general who fought in the 2nd Punic War He led an army (including war elephants) through Spain and the Alps mountains into the Italian Peninsula from the North

Diffusion The spread of culture

Civil War A war between groups of people within the same country

Migration To move from one place to another to live or work

Unemployment The total number of people who do not have jobs in a particular place or area

Julius Caesar A powerful Roman General Seized power in Rome as part of the First Triumvirate

Currency The money that a country uses

Devaluation A decrease in the value of money

Inflation Rise in prices caused by devaluation

Empire Form of government that unites different territories and peoples under one ruler

Imperial Of or relating to an emperor or empire

Regime A particular government

Triumvirate Political alliance of three rulers

Marc Antony A Roman general and ally of Julius Caesar Member of the Second Triumvirate Defeated by Augustus Caesar

Augustus Caesar Grandnephew of Julius Caesar and heir Member of the Second Triumvirate Rome’s first emperor