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Physical Geography LACEMOPS Factors that affect climate llhammon Strategy llhammon Spring 2012

Give me a “L” (latitude)

Your proximity to the equator affects climate.

Climate Zones

Give me an “A” (air masses)

Give me a “C” (continentality)

Give me an “E” (elevation)

Temperature decreases with elevation. 3.5 degrees with each 1,000 feet

<<< 105 >>> Mount Everest 29,028 feet <<< 105 >>>

Give me a “M” (mountain barriers)

Give me an “O” (ocean currents)

Your distance from oceans. Oceans regulate temperature.

Give me a “P” (pressure and wind belts)

Give me a “S” (storms)

What’s that Spell? Latitude Air Masses Continentality Elevation Mountain Barriers Ocean Currents Pressure and Wind Belts Storms What’s that Spell?

Climates and Climate Graphs

Weather: the state of the atmosphere at a given time and place

Climate: The usual pattern of weather in a particular place

Climate regions are determined by temperature and precipitation.

Climate Graphs

Inland – Northern Hemisphere Moscow, Russia 55 N, 37 E Inland – Northern Hemisphere Average Rainfall Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year mm 34.4 29.0 32.7 38.2 51.0 65.6 81.5 71.8 57.7 50.4 44.1 42.4 600.6 24-hr Average Temperature Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year °C -10 -9 -4.1 4.4 12.2 16.3 18.5 16.7 10.9 4.2 -2.0 -7.5 4.1

24-hr Average Temperature Sydney, Australia 34 S, 151 E Southern Hemisphere Average Rainfall Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year mm 103 111 131 129 123 102 80 69 82 81 78 1222.7 24-hr Average Temperature Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year °C 22.1 21.0 18.4 15.3 12.9 12.0 13.2 17.7 19.5 21.2 17.6

Coast – Northern Hemisphere San Francisco, USA 37 N, 122 W Coast – Northern Hemisphere Average Rainfall Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year mm 100.8 68.8 72.5 30.9 10.4 4.5 0.8 2.9 6.1 32.5 68.1 83.9 483.2 24-hr Average Temperature Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year °C 10.1 11.5 11.7 12.3 13.0 14.0 14.7 15.3 15.8 15.2 12.8 10.4 13.1

Which two are closest to the Equator?

Freetown, Sierra Leone Cayenne, French Guiana High Rainfall and High Temperatures

Which two are inland in the Northern Hemisphere?

Galesburg, Illinois Duluth, Minnesota Seasons when we are used to them (Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter) Fairly consistent rainfall

Which one is in the Southern Hemisphere?

Brisbane, Australia Seasons OPPOSITE when we are used to them (Winter = June, July) Significant rainfall only in a few months

Which one is on the coast in the Northern Hemisphere?

Key West, Florida More moderate temperatures year-round More moderate rainfall year-round