On the Spectral Components of the June 2000 Solar Energetic Particle Events J. Torsti, J. Laivola, P. Mäkelä, I-V. Lehtinen and O. Saloniemi Space Research.

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Presentation transcript:

On the Spectral Components of the June 2000 Solar Energetic Particle Events J. Torsti, J. Laivola, P. Mäkelä, I-V. Lehtinen and O. Saloniemi Space Research Laboratory, University of Turku Kiel, August 2006

Outline The period of high Solar activity in June 2000 Motivation behind the study Fitting of the (event integrated) spectra and results The events, piece by piece Summary & future work

June 2000, ERNE protons The time intensity profiles of the events were typical to far-eastern, moderate eastern and western events, Cane et al. (1988). 3(/4) SEP events, 13 X-ray flares, 9 CMEs

GOES X-ray flares 9026 MDI 6.6.2000 12:51 LASCO CMEs 9031

Motivation behind the study p He Events: I = Jun 10 II = Jun 06 III = Jun 03 Intensity*(E/10)3.5 None of the observed (proton) spectra can be fitted with a single, well-known form of power-law with exponential cut-off

Fitting Complicated observational spectra  Fitting could be done only after dividing the whole energy range into pieces Power law with exponential turnover Double power law Modified Bessel function of the second kind Exponential in rigidity No significant differences between the different forms Power law with exponential turnover chosen Käytetty fittaustyökalu… Ellison, D. C. and Ramaty, R. 1985, Astrophysical Journal, 298, 400 Mewaldt, et al. 2005, Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics), 110:9–. Forman, M. A., et al. 1986, Physics of the Sun. Volume 2, pages 249–289.

Formulas ”Single ER” ”Double ER” ”Triple ER” Ellison, D. C. and Ramaty, R. 1985, Astrophysical Journal, 298, 400

Protons (whole event) Jun 3 Jun 10 – Single ER fit – Double ER fit Sorry, no 3x ER fit and no multiplier by 3.5… – Single ER fit – Double ER fit Jun 6

Oxygen (whole event) Jun 3 Jun 6 Jun 10 – Single ER fit Jun 6: transition region between LED and HED (large errors) – Single ER fit – Double ER fit

Best fit (2) He p ~30 points 3 – 9 free params Protons He Event Single Double Triple Jun 3 5.45639 1.34594 1.59934 0.337639 0.295471 0.314683 Jun 6 61.8226 1.86504 0.458769 5.95075 0.311409 0.415276 Jun 10 7.69472 0.227729 0.157794 2.15703 0.158149 0.727569 ~30 points 3 – 9 free params He The relative error of the spectral points is quite low except the high energy range which justifies to test also a three-component model. p

Best fit parameters Problems!!!

Evolution of proton spectra (1) Jun 3 6 h/period 6 h period, arrow points the direction of spectral evolution, a and b artificially selected

Evolution of proton spectra (2) Jun 6 3 h/period

Evolution of proton spectra (3) Jun 10 3 h/period

Time development of the parameters (1) Jun 3, single ER vs. double ER 2 A g E0

Time development of the parameters (2) Jun 6, double ER vs. triple ER 2 Problems with fitting… A g E0

Time development of the parameters (3) Jun 10, double ER vs. triple ER 2 A g E0

Summary The beginning of June 2000 provides an excellent opportunity to study particle acceleration and source populations 3 (4) SEP events, 13 X-ray flares, 9 CMEs Single power-law with exponential cut-off doesn’t provide suitable fits for June 3, 6 and 10 events June 3  single/double ER? June 6 / June 10  double/triple ER? Statistics limit the evaluation of He and heavier ions, however 2 components can be seen in oxygen spectra of June 6 event

Future work Improve the fitting of 3/6 h spectra periods (maybe try different fitting software) Evaluate how realistic the fitting results are (do we really need three components? Or two?) Try to find the physics behind the spectral components, the origin of each component?