INFO 272. Qualitative Research Methods November 10, 2009

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Presentation transcript:

INFO 272. Qualitative Research Methods November 10, 2009 Research Ethics

Tuskegee Syphilis Study A little bit of history [Source: University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Minority Health Archive]

Failures of Informed Consent Benefits of the research certainly did not outweigh risks to the participants Not informed That they were participating in a study About their health status Deceived into believing they were receiving treatment Not given the option to quit participation

Basic Principles Respect for persons Beneficence – maximize benefits and minimize possible harms Justice [source: USHMM]

Translating principles into ethical research practice Informed consent describe the aims of the research project in understandable language Give the option not to participate or to quit at any time Give the option to decline to answer questions Assessment of Risks and Benefits Publication Practices – using pseudonyms Selection of Subjects

The Tearoom Trade The question of covert observation Does the intentions the researcher has for the knowledge generated matter? (i.e. for liberatory purposes)

Ethnography and Informed Consent Field settings: Impossibility of informing everyone in a natural setting Intrusiveness of introducing this legalistic step into a field setting How voluntary could it be? Long-term and participatory research: Developing relationships/friendship with those you are studying Participants let down their guard, forget your role over time

Ethics and Allegiances Managing overlapping roles and relationships Colleagues and Professional Community Funding bodies Gatekeepers to the site Research participants The public Ethical dilemmas - No “right” decision, only a decision that is more right. Subject to debate and very possible to legitimately disagree.

Online Ethics Association of Internet Researchers - http://aoir.org/?page_id=54 Is there a site policy? Who is the author of this online material? Can this site/chatroom be considered a public space? Unique capacity for lurking

Some other cases observing and taking notes on behavior in a coffee shop take a job at a corporation in order to study it, various forms of ‘undercover’ or exposé journalism ‘lurking’ in an online discussion group, copying and analyzing posts made to the group without the writers consent being paid by the CIA to collect information for them while doing anthropological research [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/4603271.stm] Issues around overt vs. covert observation (informed consent) Whether we are talking about public vs. private spaces