Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Biology 9 Unit 4
Unit 4: Photosynthesis Table of Contents Lesson 4.1: Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs Lesson 4.2: Photosynthesis Lesson 4.3: Cellular Respiration Lesson 4.4: Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration Lesson 4.5: Factors that Affect Photosynthesis
Lesson 4.1 Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs Learning Goals I can explain the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs and give examples of each.
Autotrophs and Heterotrophs All life on Earth depends on the ____________ through the ecosystem. The source of this energy is the ____. flow of energy sun
This includes all green plants, some bacteria, and some protists. Autotrophs Autotrophs are organisms that can make their own food. These organisms use the __________ from the sun to produce food in the form of ______________. light energy glucose or sugar This includes all green plants, some bacteria, and some protists.
Examples are all animals and all fungi. Heterotrophs These are organisms that cannot make their own food. Examples are all animals and all fungi. Heterotrophs must consume food. Heterotrophs eat plants or eat other animals that eat plants.
Unit 4: Photosynthesis Table of Contents Lesson 4.1: Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs Lesson 4.2: Photosynthesis Lesson 4.3: Cellular Respiration Lesson 4.4: Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration Lesson 4.5: Factors that Affect Photosynthesis
Lesson 4.2 Photosynthesis Learning Goals I can explain the process of photosynthesis and state the overall reaction equation.
Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle Where does the energy in most of Earth’s ecosystems come from? 1a. Light energy from the sun.
Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle 2. Chemical Reactions 2a. Reactant- elements or compounds that ENTER into a chemical reaction. 2b. Product- elements or compounds PRODUCED by a chemical reaction
Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle 3. Ways to represent chemical reactions 3a. Words Carbon monoxide + Oxygen Carbon dioxide 3b. Symbols/Formula 3c. Diagram
Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle 4. Molecules involved in the Carbon Dioxide-Oxygen Cycle
Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle 5. Photosynthesis 5a. During photosynthesis a plant absorbs light energy from the sun. 5b. Takes place in the chloroplasts 5c. The plant uses this energy to combine carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) to produce oxygen (O2) and sugars (C6H12O6).
Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle 5. Photosynthesis 5d. Symbols/Formula 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 5e. Diagram 5f. Words Carbon dioxide + water + light energy glucose + oxygen
Photo-synthesis: “putting together with light” + + Get students to think about the word photosynthesis…. Draw back on their root words and have them try to separate the word on their own to figure out what it means! +
Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
The Chloroplast ____________ takes place inside the chloroplasts. Photosynthesis ____________ takes place inside the chloroplasts. membranes Has two ___________ separated by a space. (Double membrane) thylakoids The _________, inside of the chloroplasts, look like stacks of coins. outer membrane thylakoid inner membrane
The Structure of the Chloroplast outer membrane inner thylakoid grana Big stacks of thylakoids are called _____. grana Thylakoids contain the green pigment _________. Chlorophyll Surrounding the thylakoids is a dense solution called the ______. stroma
Unit 4: Photosynthesis Table of Contents Lesson 4.1: Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs Lesson 4.2: Photosynthesis Lesson 4.3: Cellular Respiration Lesson 4.4: Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration Lesson 4.5: Factors that Affect Photosynthesis
Lesson 4.3 Aerobic Respiration Learning Goals I can explain the process of cellular respiration and state the overall reaction equation.
Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle 6a. The reverse of photosynthesis 6b. Takes place in the mitochondria 6c. A plant or animal cell breaks apart sugar molecules to release energy. 6d. The organism uses this energy to build Organic molecules and carry on life processes. 6. Cellular Respiration
Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle 6. Cellular Respiration 6e. Symbols/Formula C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Heat energy 6f. Diagram 6g. Words Glucose + Oxygen Carbon dioxide + Water + heat energy
CELLULAR RESPIRATION + + +
Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration breaks down the food we eat into ENERGY
Structure of the Mitochondria Label the following structures found in the mitochondria. 1 – Outer membrane 2 – Inner Membrane 3 – Matrix 4 – Cristae
Structure of the Mitochondria The _______ is the space inside the inner membrane. It contains… …the materials need for cellular respiration matrix The inner membrane has folds and loops called _______. The cristae: increase the surface area for the reactions of the respiration process. cristae
Unit 4: Photosynthesis Table of Contents Lesson 4.1: Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs Lesson 4.2: Photosynthesis Lesson 4.3: Cellular Respiration Lesson 4.4: Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration Lesson 4.5: Factors that Affect Photosynthesis
Lesson 4.4 Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration Learning Goals I can compare and contrast photosynthesis and cellular respiration and explain how the two systems are interconnected.
Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle 7. Review
The Relationship Between Photosynthesis and Respiration Sun Chloroplast Photosynthesis Green plants only The waste products of respiration, _____________, are the raw materials for _______________. IMPORTANT NOTE: While only green plants carry out ______________, ALL living things carry out __________. CO2 and H2O CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + O2 photosynthesis Mitochondria Respiration All Living Organisms! ATP photosynthesis respiration heat
Comparing Photosynthesis to Respiration Function Energy capture. Energy release. Location Chloroplasts Mitochondria Reactants CO2 and H2O C6H12O6 and O2 Products Equation CO2 + H2O + sun C6H12O6 and O2 C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + 38 ATP
Unit 4: Photosynthesis Table of Contents Lesson 4.1: Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs Lesson 4.2: Photosynthesis Lesson 4.3: Cellular Respiration Lesson 4.4: Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration Lesson 4.5: Factors that Affect Photosynthesis
Carbon Dioxide - Oxygen Cycle 8. Factors that effect Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration 8a. Amount of sunlight If the light intensity is not great enough photosynthesis cannot occur. If photosynthesis does not happen, the plant will not have the glucose it needs to break down during cellular respiration to release energy. 8b. Availability of carbon dioxide and water Not enough water or carbon dioxide will decrease the amount of glucose produced and energy released.
Lesson 4.2 Factors that Affect Photosynthesis Learning Goals I can identify several environmental factors that increase or decrease the rate of photosynthesis, and explain each one.
Increasing the light intensity increases the rate of photosynthesis.
Factors Affecting the Rate of Photosynthesis Water Water is required in photosynthesis. Water is obtained from the ground by the roots. Too little water in the ground can slow or stop photosynthesis. In order to prevent water loss from the plant, plants are covered with a waxy cuticle.
Temperature The process of photosynthesis depends upon the action of enzymes. These enzymes work the best at temperatures between 0C and 35C. Temperatures above or below this range may damage the enzymes and prevent them from functioning. At very low or very high temperatures, photosynthesis may stop entirely.