Bellringer (make sure you have table in your binder) Get a blank sheet of notebook paper. You are going to make a table where you can keep track of your AFLs (Assessments for Learning), quizzes, and tests. This is for YOU, so you can see your progress in the class and to help you see areas of improvement and areas of strength! Tape this into your binder inside the front cover. Set-up: AFL/Quiz/Test Name Score 1. Atoms, Ions, and Molecules AFL 90%

Properties of Water

Learning Target Describe the structure of a water molecule and how it relates to the unique properties of water.

Hydrogen Bonds  Hydrogen bonds do not join atoms … Hydrogen bonds are attractions between compounds

WATER

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Hydrogen Bonds Give Water Unique Properties  Heat Storage A large input of thermal energy is required to disrupt the organization of liquid water This minimizes temperature changes High Heat of Vaporization At high temperatures, hydrogen bonds do break Water is changed into vapor resulting in a cooling effect

Heat Storage & High Heat of Vaporization(High Specific Heat)  Heat Storage & High Heat of Vaporization(High Specific Heat) Water’s heat storage ability keeps temp of coastal areas more stable!

Properties of Water Heat Storage & High Heat of Vaporization These properties allow water to trap lots of heat and take it away by evaporative cooling, like when you sweat! Ahhhhh …

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Ice Formation  At low temperatures, hydrogen bonds don’t break Water forms a regular crystal structure that floats

Ice is less dense than water, so ice floats!  This is super important because it prevents bodies of water from freezing solid and killing all life on the surface and underneath!

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Question to Ponder Think-pair-share  At what temperature is the ice cover? Estimate the temperature of the “blue water”. Which layers are warmer? Which are colder?

Hydrogen Bonds Give Water Unique Properties  Hydrogen Bonds Give Water Unique Properties Water strider Cohesion Attraction of water molecules to other water molecules Example: Surface tension Adhesion Attraction of water molecules to other polar molecules Example: Capillary action

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 Surface Tension! Cohesion (water to water) makes the surface of water like a “solid” film!

Capillary Action!  Cohesion and Adhesion Allows for Transpiration - The movement of water up a plant (by “capillary action”) because of pull from evaporation through the leaves.

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Water is a Great Solvent: Hydrophilic & Hydrophobic Substances  Hydrophilic (“water-loving”) substances Polar Hydrogen bond with water Example: sugar Hydrophobic (“water-fearing”) substances Nonpolar Repelled by water Example: oil

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Solute + Solvent = Solution  Solution Solute + Solvent = Solution  Solute- solid particles that dissolve Solvent- what causes dissolving Solution- homogenous mixture made from solute and solvent Concentrated: when there is more solute than solvent Diluted: when there is more solvent than solute

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0---------------------7-------------------14 The pH Scale  Measures H+ concentration of fluid Highest H+ Lowest H+ 0---------------------7-------------------14 Acidic Neutral Basic 

Acids & Bases  Acids Acidic solutions have pH < 7 Bases Basic solutions have pH > 7

Questions and Summary Please add questions (a minimum of two on each page) to the left side of your notes and a summary. Remember summaries are in a 3-2-1 format. 3 Things you Learned 2 Things you found Interesting 1 Question you still have over the notes.

Chemistry Vocabulary Work on the Chemistry vocabulary for the remaining time in class. You can use your Biology textbook, notes, or your Ipad to do so.