Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi: /nrneph

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Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi:10.1038/nrneph.2017.112 Figure 2 Potential mechanisms of T helper type 17 (TH17) cell-driven tissue injury in glomerulonephritis Figure 2 | Potential mechanisms of T helper type 17 (TH17) cell-driven tissue injury in glomerulonephritis. Kidney infiltrating TH17 cells are characterized by the expression of RORγt, C‑C‑motif chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6), the IL‑23 receptor and cytokines such as IL‑17A and IL‑17F (1). IL‑17A and IL‑17F released from TH17 cells act directly on resident kidney cells, namely mesangial cells in the glomerulus and tubule epithelial cells cells (not shown) (2). IL‑17A induces these cells to express CCL20 and CXCL5, which results in further recruitment of TH17 cells via CCR6 (3) and recruitment of neutrophils via CXCR2 (4), leading to tissue injury (5). Krebs, C. F. et al. (2017) T helper type 17 cells in immune-mediated glomerular disease Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi:10.1038/nrneph.2017.112