Introduction TO SONOGRAPHY Ultrasound Image Interpretation HHHoldorf Introduction TO SONOGRAPHY

Routine Image Interpretation Assessment Utilized in Sonography

Ultrasound Nomenclature Smooth, well-defined border and or margin (contour) Focal, well-marginated Ill-Defined, diffuse lesion Echogenic Hyperechoic Hypoechoic Echopenic Anechoic or sonolucent

Heterogeneous Homogeneous Increased attenuation Posterior acoustic enhancement Posterior acoustic shadowing Reverberation Simple cyst Complex cyst – Loculated cyst Solid mass

Why do we explain anatomy the way that we do? The hedge – saying a lot without actually saying it. Legal reasons Sonographers do not diagnosis. Do we really know what something is, or do we need to biopsy to tell?

Definitions-what do these words mean? Smooth, well-defined border and or margins (contour) The part (mass) is flat and the demarcation between the area in question and the surrounding tissue is well seen, like a fence. Contour is how the outer margins appear…are they easy to see and are they flat (smooth)?

Focal, well-marginated area

Ill-Defined, diffuse lesion

Echogenic or Hyperechoic

Hypoechoic or Echopenic

Anechoic or sonolucent

Heterogeneous mass – multiple levels of echogenic material- mixed.

Homogenous mass/organ – same echo texture throughout.

Homogeneous liver parenchyma

Increased attenuation

Posterior Acoustic Enhancement

Posterior Acoustic Shadowing

Reverberation artifact

Simple cyst

Complex cyst – Multiple internal echoes

Loculated cyst (septations)

Solid Mass