Technical Issues with Reactivation of Vessels

My Background Career MLS Managing Director LNG Engineering & Maintenance Engineer Manager Shutdown team planning 11 trains Innovation in oil & gas Woodside Pluto LNG Plant maintenance superintendent Senior maintenance engineer Australian Navy Contractor FMECA analysis planned maintenance builds BP ShipCare Resident Manager Labuan, ship layup Prosafe Production Technical Superintendent Seagoing Career Motor & steamships Types of Vessels Covered FPSO’s Oil Tankers/ RAS Supply Boats Tugs Passenger Ships RO/RO’s Container Ships Bulk Carriers Cable Layers Jack up Rigs Offshore Construction Barges Offshore Construction Vessels

The Past is whatever the records and memories agree upon. Introduction The Past is whatever the records and memories agree upon. George Orwell -1984

Confusion About What Is Layup Type of Layup/ Layover Hot (full crew) Warm (minimum manning) Cold (no crew) Preparing for Layup/ Layover Maintenance routines required Preparing machinery for layup Equipment removal for storage Humidity issues Reactivation Time Equipment failure Deterioration Pressure to be ready in case of new work comes up. Cost of Services Best Layup Location & Where Port Anchorage Security Quality of Service Services Being Offered Do nothing Traditional service may not meet my needs VCI & Enhanced Layup Services Fleet Layup Strategies

Concerns With Laid Up Vessels Who Use Cheap Operators No emergency response procedures written for cold layup Fire, Flooding, Collision, Unauthorised Boarding, Medical Emergency, Severe Weather No procedures displayed for watchmen & staff to follow Not duplicating full set of bilge alarms Not removing flammables from the vessel Not removing combustibles from the vessels Breaking toilet seals with closed sewerage tanks. What’s in the tank? Sea water systems shut down full of sea water. Lack of understanding about the use and capability of dehumidifiers. Well undersized and spaces not sealed

Understanding the Layup Process Reliability, cost and time increases to reactivate the vessel if the deactivation and layup are not managed properly The importance of a proper reactivation plan cannot be underestimated but I never saw one made by the clients!

Vessel Pre Arrival Layup Issues Anchor chain wear greater than class maximum wear requirements. Older vessels especially and slippage occurs on anchor chain during lowering and heaving Boilers are not soot blown prior to arrival and boiler heavily fouled Fuel lines not changed over from HFO 4 hour’s minimum to arrival. Dirty fuel systems Defective equipment not logged as out of service or defective. Causes hand over disputes when the client comes for the vessel.

During Deactivation Generally crew and management can have low understanding to recommendations and best practises for layup Leaving sea water lines full cause corrosion and flooding issues Bilges full and bilge holding tank is full Flammables not removed during layup Computer not backed up or removed from the vessel causing loss of data Crew leave ship early and work does not get done Not created a reactivation plan Resources Materials Time to complete

Traditional Vessel In Layup Issues Incorrect or no maintenance being done Equipment not being turned regularly and seizing Equipment lube oil pumps being started routinely and causing surface corrosion & pitting Hydraulic rams such as steering gear rams ungreased and pitting occurs Deck equipment not turned or operated causing seizure of equipment Rollers & fairleads Lifeboat davit arms becoming stiff and not operating Deck valves turned causing seizure Wires not coated on drums and covered causing rust on the wire Relying on out of survey equipment Extinguishers life raft’s Crane for lifting equipment Gangway wire Failure is visible

Traditional Vessel In Layup Issues- Continued Corrosion of pressurised ballast sea water pipes causing flooding- Quite common in tanker pump rooms but also when scuppers pass through ballast tanks. Pest Infestation and dry food stores left open Toilets not covered and water evaporates causing loss of seal direct to the sewerage tank Using emergency generator for power and generator fails. Not rated for additional usage and not able to power the crane to get a rental generator on board. Require to reactivate the main generator and flood sea water system.

Traditional Vessel Reactivation Issues Start to see the hidden failure modes Electronic equipment failure. Failed to start up Pneumatic control systems sticky or not operating correctly Boiler combustion control systems require recalibration Stiffening of ship side valves and cannot open Corrosion issues in ballast lines Spares required to reactivate not on board or removed and not logged Crew not familiar with the vessel or been away from it a long time. No plan and therefore no idea how long to reactivate. Could not pick up the anchor. Twists in the chain

Factors to Consider For Reactivation When do I expect to return my vessel/s to service? Am I managing a fleet of laid up vessels? What is the reactivation time? Is the vessel due for dry dock prior to reactivation? Do I know where the vessel is likely to re-enter service next? Is there a reactivation plan? Has any failure analysis studies been completed for the vessel? What layup strategy & maintenance was done in layup? Was the vessel deactivated properly?