Molecular Structures Section 9.3

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Presentation transcript:

Molecular Structures Section 9.3 Chemistry

Objectives Explain why resonance occurs, and Identify resonance structures. Explain three exceptions to the octet rule, and Identify molecules in which these exceptions occur.

Resonance Structures Resonance Structures: a condition that occurs when more than one valid Lewis structure can be written for a molecule or ion. Ex: CO3

Carbonate Resonance Structures

Resonance Structures Resonance structures differ only in the position of the electron pairs, never the atom positions

3 Exceptions to the Octet Rule There are some exceptions to the octet rule. What do you notice about the molecule to the right?

1st Exception Central atom has more than 8 valence electrons EXPANDED OCTET

2nd Exception What do you notice about the molecule to the right?

2nd Exception Some compounds form with fewer than 8 electrons around an atom Coordinate covalent bond: One atom donates a pair of electrons to be shared with an atom or ion that needs two electrons to become stable

3rd Exception What do you notice about the molecule to the right?

3rd Exception Small group of molecules has an odd number of valence electrons and cannot form an octet

Homework 42-48(omit c in 48) page 258