Thermodynamics.

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Presentation transcript:

Thermodynamics

Energy is neither created or destroyed during chemical or physical changes, but it is transformed from one form to another. Euniverse = 0

Mechanical Gravitational Thermal Electrostatic Electrical Chemical TYPES of ENERGY Kinetic Potential Mechanical Gravitational Thermal Electrostatic Electrical Chemical Radiant Energy Conversion Examples: 1. dropping a rock 2. using a flashlight 3. driving a car

Endo: heat added to system Exo: heat released by system SYSTEMS and SURROUNDINGS System: The thing under study Surroundings: Everything else in the universe Energy transfer between system and surroundings: Endo: heat added to system Exo: heat released by system

HEAT: What happens to thermal (heat) energy? Three possibilities: Warms another object Causes a change of state Is used in an endothermic reaction

Temperature Changes from Heat Exchange Example 1: 5 g wood at 0 oC + 5 g wood at 100 oC Example 2: 10 g wood at 0 oC + 5 g wood at 100 oC Example 3: 5 g copper at 0 oC + 5 g copper at 100 oC Example 4: 5 g wood at 0 oC + 5 g copper at 100 oC Choices: 1: 0 oC 2: 33 oC 3: 50 oC 4. 67 oC 5: 100 oC 6: other

What happens to thermal (heat) energy? When objects of different temperature meet: Warmer object cools Cooler object warms Thermal energy is transferred qwarmer = -qcooler

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