Biochemistry: Chemistry Basics AP Biology Biochemistry: Chemistry Basics
Most Common Elements in all life forms
LE 2-4 Cloud of negative charge (2 electrons) Electrons Nucleus
Molecule: Same element
Molecule: Different elements
Energy and Atoms Third energy level (shell) Energy absorbed Second energy level (shell) First energy level (shell) Energy lost Atomic nucleus
Valence Electrons
Covalent Bonds
POLAR MOLECULE – O H H + + H2O
Ionic Bonds
SALT Na+ Cl–
HYDROGEN BONDS – + + – + + + Water (H2O) Hydrogen bond Ammonia (NH3) + + +
Van der Waals Interactions e- e- e- e- e- e- e- NUCLEUS