Reminders Outliers Vocabulary Unit 9 Reading Schedule – Chaps. 6-7 due Thursday! Quiz, Chaps. 3-5 today Vocabulary Unit 9 Pic Quiz – this Friday, 12/1 Full Quiz – next Friday, 12/8

Vocabulary Unit 9 (#s 11-20) & Draw

Outliers Article Jigsaw – brief discussion/overview Gladwell’s Use of Rhetoric – in Chapter 2 Introduction to Rhetorical Analysis #1 (rough draft due hard copy in class Wednesday, 11/29) – handout Discuss Chaps. 3-5 Quiz, Chaps. 3-5

Building His Argument – Chapter 2 With your small group, review what Gladwell’s argument is for Chapter 2 (“The 10,000 Hour Rule”). In other words, what is Gladwell trying to convince/show the reader in Chapter 2? Create a chart and look in each section for the ‘moves’ he makes as a writer to build his argument. (In other words, what tools/techniques (i.e. rhetorical appeals, devices) does he use to make his argument? *This chapter is broken down into 6 sub-sections. What does he do in each section to build his argument?

The following example demonstrates an effective analytical process, taking a sample from the speech “Against the Spanish Armada” by Queen Elizabeth I: I know I have but the body of a weak and feeble woman; but I have the heart of a king, and of a king of England, too; and think foul scorn that Parma or Spain, or any prince of Europe, should dare to invade the borders of my realms: to which, rather than any dishonor should grow by me, I myself will take up arms. 1. Determine stance: Is the argument effective or ineffective? Examine parts of speech, text, chapter, etc. to determine stance Reader Reaction is powerful, positive…SO…Student decides stance will be that the speech is effective.

2. What rhetorical tools does the author/speaker use to make his/her argument? Examine text/passages for what the author/speaker does (moves) Looking at the previous segment critically, student notices ‘moves’ of author/speaker: Elizabeth manages to logically connect the fact that she is a Queen with the responsibility to defend her realm. Queen Elizabeth ironically juxtaposes the fact that she is a “feeble woman” against the invading European “princes.” Elizabeth references herself many times in the segment.

3. Focus on one tool at a time and question, notice, analyze, etc. Elizabeth’s repetitive references to herself. Elizabeth refers to herself seven times five of those references show Elizabeth as the subject of the clause. Why would Elizabeth refer to herself so often? Possibilities: Elizabeth was reminding her troops how important she was Elizabeth wanted to have her troops remember her when they were in battle Elizabeth wanted to appear confident Elizabeth was egomanical Elizabeth was emphasizing her role as a Queen Elizabeth was using repetition of a subject to create a dramatic feeling in her audience

4. Explore that aspect in depth. Analyze and Interpret. Student decides that the most likely possibility is that Elizabeth wished to establish her authority in the eyes of her subjects. (appealing to her audience by establishing credibility – ethos) This is only one possible analysis of many possibilities; however, student feels that she can explore this aspect in depth. Then ask more questions to analyze (interpret): How does referring to herself so often help Elizabeth’s troops accept her as their leader? Looking at each specific reference, he notices that in every instance Elizabeth portrays herself as active and powerful. By attaching herself to verbs commonly associated with power and ruling, he reasons, Elizabeth is able to repetitively emphasize her position as the ruler of the English people.

5. Write your paragraph of rhetorical analysis (a body paragraph) Example: Queen Elizabeth use repetition as she establishes the credibility of a powerful and knowledgeable leader. In the passage, Elizabeth refers to herself no fewer than seven times. In each instance, Elizabeth connects herself to active verbs which emphasize her dynamic and powerful status: I have, I know, I think foul scorn, I will take up arms. This repetition of her autonomous identity is a powerful way of reminding her troops that she is, in fact, their queen and military leader. By demonstrating her own personal power, Elizabeth shows that she is just as capable as “any prince of Europe” of defending her lands and people; the repetition of that idea with her carefully chosen verbs connects her power as a person (and as a “kingly” woman) with her power as a queen.

Steps to Writing Body Paragraphs of Rhetorical Analysis Determine stance (argument is effective or ineffective) Examine parts of speech, text, chapter, etc. to determine stance What rhetorical tools does the author/speaker use to make his/her argument? Examine text/passages for what the author/speaker does (moves) Focus on one tool at a time and question, notice, analyze, etc. Explore that aspect in depth. Analyze and Interpret. Write your paragraph of rhetorical analysis (a body paragraph)

Let’s try with Gladwell Follow the steps – start with…Determining your stance – effective or ineffective argument and then where did you begin to think that or when was it confirmed – that will help you answer next question: What is your selected chapter? Each body paragraph should address a rhetorical appeal he uses. One paragraph about how he establishes ethos One paragraph about how he appeals to logos

TED Talk As we watch this week’s TED Talk, consider the following: What does she want the audience to believe? (her argument/thesis) How does she build her argument? How does this relate/connect to: Our unit EQs/themes Gladwell’s argument thus far