Adoptive Cellular Therapy using Cells Enriched for NKG2D+CD3+CD8+T Cells after Autologous Transplantation for Myeloma  Kenneth R. Meehan, Laleh Talebian,

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Adoptive Cellular Therapy using Cells Enriched for NKG2D+CD3+CD8+T Cells after Autologous Transplantation for Myeloma  Kenneth R. Meehan, Laleh Talebian, Tor D. Tosteson, John M. Hill, Zbigniew Szczepiorkowski, Charles L. Sentman, Marc S. Ernstoff  Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation  Volume 19, Issue 1, Pages 129-137 (January 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.08.018 Copyright © 2013 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Treatment schema. HPC indicates hematopoietic progenitor cells. IL-2 was administered weeks 1 through 4. Week 1 = day #3 posttransplantation; week 2 = day #14 posttransplantation; week 4 = day #28 posttransplantation; and week 8 = day #56 posttransplantation. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2013 19, 129-137DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.08.018) Copyright © 2013 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Patient accrual to trial. Demonstrates the patients' accrual to the trial and distribution into evaluable and nonevaluable groups. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2013 19, 129-137DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.08.018) Copyright © 2013 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Lymphocyte recovery on day 15 after transplantation. (A) Absolute lymphocyte numbers were calculated for each patient based on the number of lymphocytes circulating on day 15 after transplantation (ALC15). When compared to the control group (n = 6), ALC15 in the study group (n = 17) is significantly increased (P < .04). The control group = patients not treated on trial; the study group = patients treated on trial. (B) Flow cytometry identified the number of NKG2D+CD3+CD8+ T cells circulating in the study group (n = 12) and the control group (n = 4) patients on day 15 after transplantation (P = .02). The control group = patients not treated on trial; the study group = patients treated on trial. (C) Blood samples were obtained from patients treated on the trial (study group; n = 7) and patients from the control group (n = 4) between days 21 and 28 after transplantation. Flow cytometric analyses identified cell populations circulating in the blood in the 2 groups. When comparing cellular subsets between the 2 groups, there was a statistically significant increase in CD3+ T cells (P < .0001), CD4+ T cells (P < .0009), CD8+ T cells (P < .007), and CD25+ cells (P < .009). The control group = patients not treated on trial; the study group = patients treated on trial. ∗ Defines statistically significant results. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2013 19, 129-137DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.08.018) Copyright © 2013 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Circulating lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood after transplantation. Phenotypic analyses identified the absolute number of NKG2D+CCD3+CD8+ (A), CD3+CD8+ (B), CD3+CD8+CD56+ (C), and NKG2D+CD3-CD56+ cells/μL (D) in the study group (n = 12) and in the control group (n = 4) between days 21 and 28 after transplantation. There was an increase in the absolute number of circulating NKG2D+CD3+CD8+ T cells (P < .004), CD3+CD8+ T cells (P < .04), CD3+CD8+CD56+ (P < .004), and NKG2D+CD3-CD56+ cells (P < .003) when compared to circulating cells in the control group. ∗ Defines statistically significant results. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2013 19, 129-137DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.08.018) Copyright © 2013 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 NKG2D ligand expression in autologous myeloma cells. NKG2D ligand expression on autologous myeloma cells (n = 5) or normal control marrows (n = 3) was measured by labeling cells with Abs directed against CD138, in combination with Abs directed against MICA, MICB, ULBP1, ULBP2, and ULBP3. The expression of MICA (A), ULBP1 (B), and ULBP3 (C) is significantly elevated on autologous myeloma cells (MM), when compared to controls (Control) (P < .0001 for each of the 3 ligands). Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2013 19, 129-137DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.08.018) Copyright © 2013 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 Cytotoxicity after transplantation. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from study group patients (n = 5) and control patients (n = 4) between days 21 and 28 after transplantation. PBMCs were used as effector cells in a 51Cr-release cytotoxicity assay against a myeloma cell line (RPMI8226; E:T 100:1 for experimental and control groups). Myeloma cell lysis was significantly increased against RPMI cells in the study patients when compared with control patients (P = .002). Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2013 19, 129-137DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.08.018) Copyright © 2013 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 7 Cytotoxicity against autologous cells. Patients' mobilized peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from study group patients (n = 4) on the day of collection (“pre-expansion”) and were expanded ex vivo using methods described within the article with IL-2 and OKT3 for 7 days (“post-expansion”). Both pre-expansion and post-expansion cells served as effector cells in a 51Cr-release cytotoxicity assay against autologous myeloma cells (E:T 50:1). Myeloma cell lysis was significantly increased against autologous myeloma cells after enrichment for NKG2D+CD3+CD8+ T cells (P = .02). Cytotoxicity was inhibited by NKG2D receptor blocking (P < .001) using the same effectors and targets. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2013 19, 129-137DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.08.018) Copyright © 2013 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions