Evaluative Criteria For Scientific and Interpretive Theories COM 452 Evaluative Criteria For Scientific and Interpretive Theories

Not all theories are created equal There are different criteria by which to evaluate different theories An orange won’t withstand apple criteria and vice versa Scientific theories should be evaluated by one set of criteria; interpretive by another Within each perspective, some theories are better than others

Scientific Criterion 1 Explanatory Power Explains the event or behavior Makes sense out of complex events Focuses on important variables Explains what, how and why Explains processes and outcomes

Scientific Criterion 2 Predictive Power Predicts what will happen More accurate in the physical sciences In social sciences we look at probability

Scientific Criterion 3 Parsimony Relative simplicity As simple as possible

Scientific Criterion 4 Falsifiability Hypotheses that can be tested If there is no way to prove a theory false, then the assumption it’s true is mere guesswork

Scientific Criterion 5 Practical Utility Usefulness A good theory provides increased control

Interpretive Criterion 1 Understanding of People Elucidates texts Clarifies complex communication Suggests universal patterns of symbol usage

Interpretive Criterion 2 Clarification of Values What ought to happen What is important for a just society Liberty, equality (apple pie…)

Interpretive Criterion 3 Aesthetic Appeal Form as “captivating” as content Critic/theorist as “artist”

Interpretive Criterion 4 Community of Agreement Must have widespread scrutiny and usage

Interpretive Criterion 5 Reform of Society Challenges cultural assumptions Generates alternatives for social action