Food Additives “More Nutritious than ever” “New improved flavor”

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Presentation transcript:

Food Additives “More Nutritious than ever” “New improved flavor” “Stays fresher longer” What are Food additives? Are they good? or Bad?

What are Food Additives? Any substance a food producer intentionally adds to a food for a specific purpose Around 3,000 additives are used

Natural Additives Occur naturally in food and plants Salt, sugar, seaweed, acids

Artificial, or Synthetic Additives Made in a laboratory Chemicals are joined or modified in the lab

How Additives are Used Improve storage properties, increase healthfulness, make food more appealing and improve processing and preparation We often feel misled and deceived by additives

Food Storage 200 years ago we had to eat fresh foods Can be natural or artificial Keeps food preserved prevents mold, bacteria, spoiling, browning…

Increase Healthfulness Fortification: adding a nutrient not normally found in a food

Increase Healthfulness Restoration: reestablish the products original nutritional value

Increase Healthfulness Enrichment: Includes restoration of nutrients as well as the addition of more nutrients Thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, iron…

Increase Healthfulness Nutrification: Adding nutrients to a food with low nutrient value to replace a meal Nutrified bars and shakes

Make Food Appealing Color: added to drinks, cereal, jams…… Most are Synthetic: identified with a number Very few are natural

Make Food Appealing Flavor: 2,000 of the 3,000 additives are for flavor Demand for natural flavors far exceeds supply MSG

Make Food Appealing Sweeteners: most common of all flavor enhancers, improve aroma and taste Nutritive and Nonnutritive

Make Food Appealing Nutritive Sweeteners: metabolize to produce calories Table sugar, brown sugar, maple syrup, molasses, honey… Sorbitol: absorbs slowly, does not taste as sweet

Make Food Appealing Nonnutritive Sweeteners: Artificial, no calories, taste sweet Low-calorie and calorie free products

Make Food Appealing Splenda uses sucralose: 600 time sweeter then sugar, produces no calories, chemical change to sugar molecule, can cook with it

Make Food Appealing Sweet’N Low uses Saccharin: 300 times sweeter, made from petroleum products, can cook with it

Make Food Appealing Aspartame: 200 times sweeter, no calories, cannot use in cooking, loses sweetness in beverages

Aspartame Facts “Available evidence suggests that consumption of aspartame by normal humans is safe and is not associated with serious adverse health effects” Added to more than 6,000 food products Body breaks it down into aspartic acid, methanol and phenylalanine

Aspartame Facts Approved intake is 50mg/kg of body wt/day 12 oz diet soda: 225mg 8 oz yogurt: 80mg 4 oz jello: 32mg 18kg/40lb child would have to consume 4 12oz cans of soda or nine 8oz glasses of fruit

Aspartame Facts http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lqIFDoOwSFM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nrahc-KfBRo&feature=related

Processing & Preparation Improve texture, a stabilizer to keep mixture balanced Peanut butter and ice cream

Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) Amount in mg that a person can safely consume on average every day over a lifetime without risk Conservative level Amount 100 times less than the maximum level at which no observed effect occurs in animals

Regulations of Additives FDA monitors safety of additives 1/100 of the amount of an additive found to be safe in lab animals GRAS list: Generally Recognized as Safe 670 items that are not regulated as additives

What are the long term Effects??? Long term effects are impossible to predict Nitrates: used to cure meat now being linked to colon cancer Saccharin removed from GRAS list show to cause cancer in lab animals

Allergies Sulfites- preservative FDA reduced the amount allowed MSG- flavor BHT- preservative

Poor Eating Habits Increase fortified food decrease a diversified diet Increase fortified food, challenge to determine nutritional balance

Unneeded additives Oil-based waxes on fruit = shinier = increased sales FDA approved as a preservative Unnatural standards for foods Raises price Begin to prefer artificial over real

Safety & Improved Nutrition Preservatives extend the shelf life Additives prevent diseases caused by malnutrition Goiters, Iodine added to table salts Rickets, Vitamin D added to milk Pellagra, iron added to flour and cornmeal