Introduction to Sport Management Chapter 1

DEFINITIONS Sport: implies having fun, work, employment, or business Forms: team, dual, individual or combo of all in tourneys

DEFINING SPORT Snyder and Spreitzer (1989)..competitive human physical activity VanderZwaag (1988)..Sport is competitive physical activity, utilizing specialized equipment, facilities, with unique dimensions of time and space, with the quest of records is of high significance.

OPERATIONAL DEFN OF SPORT Pitts, Fielding, and Miller (1994) broadened previous definitions of sport by stating that sport is an activity, experience, or business enterprise focused on fitness, recreation, athletics, or leisure. Does not have to be competitive or organized, can be simple actions such as walking, working out, running, dancing.

WHAT IS SPORT MANAGEMENT? An area of professional endeavor in which a variety of sport-related managerial careers exist. Academic professional preparation (Ohio U in 1966)

SPORT VS. SPORTS (academics) Sports implies a collection of separate activities such as golf, hockey, volleyball…items in a series that we can count. Sport- is an all-encompassing concept. It is a collective noun that includes all sporting activities, not just those the we can place on a list. (Religions vs. Religion)

WHAT DO SPORT MANAGERS DO? Classify responsibilities into four clusters –General management tasks –Organization management –Information management –Exercise and Sport Science (p.4)

NATURE & SCOPE OF THE SPORT INDUSTRY By Setting By Type By Segment –Product Type Model –Economic Impact Model –Sport Activity Model

THE SPORT INDUSTRY – BY SETTING School & college sport programs Professional sport Amateur sport org. Private club sport Other commercialized sport establishment Arenas, coliseums, civic centers, and stadia Community recreation sport programs Industrial sport programs Sport programs in social agencies Military sport programs Sport marketing & consulting firms Developmental programs for sport Corporate sponsors The sporting good industry The sport news media Academic programs in sport management

THE SPORT INDUSTRY – BY TYPE Traditional sports –Basketball, tennis, golf, football, etc. New activities –Various types of aerobics, in-line skating, boogie boarding, snow kayaking, parasailing, ice surfing, beach volleyball, skydive dancing, ice climbing, X-Games, and indoor soccer. Economic impact…?

THE SPORT INDUSTRY – BY SEGMENT Product Type Model Economic Impact Model Sport Activity Model

UNIQUE ASPECTS OF SPORT MANAGEMENT Mullin (1980) gave insight into three unique aspects of sport management: –Sport Marketing –Sport Enterprise Financial Structures –Sport Industry Career Paths

SPORT AS A SOCIAL INSTITUTION Distinctive social activity that is frequently the basis of an individuals social identity. Marketing and Management is essential for prospective managers; so too is the understanding and appreciating the social and cultural implications of the activity itself. Why?

SPORT MANAGEMENT COMPETENCIES General sport management tasks Organization management Information management * Transferable skills

Organizational management Budgeting Accounting Coordinating Managing personnel Managing facility Controlling Directing Evaluating Leading Information management Writing Selling Working with media Developing publications Keeping game notes and statistics Interviewing Promoting Advertising Fund-raising General sport management tasks Marketing and sales Correspondence Record keeping Community relations Public speaking

FUTURE/CHALLENGES Technology (means to an end) explain? Ethics - equity, gender, race, class issues Social Responsibility- environmental issues Keeping the sport experience accessible to all socioeconomic groups