Material Properties – Natural & Manufactured Boards LESSON 4/5 Material Properties – Natural & Manufactured Boards Within this lesson you will cover: Develop an understanding of finishes that can be applied to timber to enhance their properties. Complete a finishes worksheet throughout the lesson; creating revision notes. Apply learnt knowledge to a series of exam style questions.

Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes. DO NOW ACTIVITY During todays lesson you will learn about different ways that woods can be finished to enhance their appearance or prevent decay. On the provided post it note write a list of different products which can be applied to wood to improve its appearance. Once answered stick your post it note on the wall for further discussion.

Why do woods need to be treated? Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes. TIMBER FINISHES Why do woods need to be treated? Woods can be treated with a finish to either enhance their surface finish and appearance or to prevent decay Studying these images what would happen if decay isn’t treated?

Why do woods need to be treated? Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes. TIMBER FINISHES Why do woods need to be treated? “Unprotected wood expands because it can absorb water, especially in outdoor applications. This causes the resins that bind the cells together to break down, rendering the material very weak. Bacteria and fungi can also attack wood. Woods do not have the same natural protection against the environment as metals, and are prone to decay over a period of time. Hardwoods have a greater resistance to the environment than softwoods, due to the closer structure of the grain, and will therefore last longer. Teak contains oils that help repel rainwater and so protect the material.”

Why do woods need to be treated? Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes. TIMBER FINISHES Why do woods need to be treated? During todays lesson we will be covering a variety of different wood finishes which can be applied to timbers to improve its appearance and prevent decay. On the provided worksheet create your own notes which will be invaluable to later revision for the GCSE exam.

Type of products finish is used on Benefits of application Polyurethane varnish Acrylic varnish Water based paints Stains Colour wash Wax finishes Danish Oil Teak oil Worksheet to print

Polyurethane varnish TIMBER FINISHES Clear varnish Solvent based Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes. TIMBER FINISHES Polyurethane varnish Clear varnish Solvent based Provides increased durability Resistant to heat and water Gloss / satin / matt finish available Used for interior applications

Acrylic varnish TIMBER FINISHES Clear varnish Water based Hardwearing Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes. TIMBER FINISHES Acrylic varnish Clear varnish Water based Hardwearing Can protect colour work Gloss / satin / matt finish available Used for interior applications, e.g. furniture, doors and skirting boards

Water based paints TIMBER FINISHES Adds colour to a product Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes. Water based paints TIMBER FINISHES Adds colour to a product Primer required Water based Limits air pollutants / fumes Used for interior applications, e.g. furniture, doors and skirting boards

Stains TIMBER FINISHES Allows the natural timber grain to be visible Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes. TIMBER FINISHES Allows the natural timber grain to be visible Enhances the natural wood grain Can be interior or exterior wood stain Interior allows natural timber to be ‘stained’ a different colour Exterior provides protection from water, UV damage and resists cracking and peeling Prevents mould growth

Colour wash TIMBER FINISHES Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes. TIMBER FINISHES Colour wash Adds colour without sacrificing the natural grain A colour wash is paint diluted with water The higher the water quantity, the thinner the wash, and the more of the original timber colour will be visible. Enhances the natural wood grain

Wax finishes TIMBER FINISHES Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes. TIMBER FINISHES Wax finishes Protects like a varnish against knocks, scuffs and scratches, but leaves wood looking natural Nourishes and protects wood Traditionally used on antiques, but still used currently Will enhance the natural timber while protecting it from dryness Can be clear or coloured Classic wood wax is Beeswax

Danish Oil TIMBER FINISHES Absorbed into wood: protecting & nourishing Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes. TIMBER FINISHES Danish Oil Absorbed into wood: protecting & nourishing Easy to apply Food and toy safe when dry Attractive, natural low sheen finish Penetrates timber, nourishing & protecting Dirt resistant Naturally water resistant (yet is microporous to water vapour allowing the wood to ‘breathe’) Does not leave a surface film so does not crack or peel

Teak oil TIMBER FINISHES Has a slight sheen Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes. Teak oil TIMBER FINISHES Has a slight sheen Used to maintain outdoor furniture Enhances grain definition: highlights the qualities of the wood Replaces the oils lost in weathering Nourishes and protects Water repellent No UV resistance: the wood greys naturally

Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes. TIMBER FINISHES: EXAM Q Using the knowledge you have learnt during todays lesson apply it to this exam style question.

QUIZ TIME PLENARY http://www.the-warren.org/quiz/finishmatching.htm Objective - Learner will gain knowledge and understanding of how wood can be enhanced with a variety of different applied finishes. PLENARY QUIZ TIME http://www.the-warren.org/quiz/finishmatching.htm