Coastal Landforms

Landforms created by erosion

Landforms of erosion

Wave-cut platform

Cliffs and wave-cut platform

Caves, arches, stacks and stumps

Caves, arches, stacks and stamps

When caves are formed on both sides of a headland, their back join and an arch is formed.

The sea continues to erode the bottom of the arch The sea continues to erode the bottom of the arch. Weathering also take place on the bare rock faces. As the sea undercuts the bottom of the arch, a wave-cut notch will form.

The arch will collapse, in time, as it is pulled down by the pressure of its own weight and gravity. This leaves behind a column of rock not attached to the headland, called a stack.

Continued wave erosion and weathering will lead to the formation of a stump that is only visible at low tide.

How to answer 6 mark questions (GCSE)? The questions are level marked. This means that the detail of your answer counts rather than making 6 separate points.

Level 1 answers 1/2 marks out of 6 The answer is BASIC It contains descriptions rather than explanations It does not contain case study examples

Level 2 answers 3/4 marks out of 6 The answer is CLEAR It contains descriptions and some explanations It does contain case study examples in a basic way. It may not include statistics (data).

Level 3 answers 5/6 marks out of 6 The answer is DETAILED It contains descriptions and thorough explanations It contains case study examples and uses data to back up points that have been made.

When you answer a question that requires a longer answer, remember the PEEL technique. Make your POINT E Give your EVIDENCE E EXPLAIN your evidence L If possible, LINK to your next statement or the original point.

GCSE Geography Unit 2: Coastal Landforms of erosion Explain how geology affects the formation of coastal landforms of erosion. (6)

Movement of sediment along the coast

Longshore drift

Impacts of longshore drift

What is an estuary?

What is dredging? to remove material from the bottom of the sea or a river.

Landforms of deposition (constructive waves)

Beaches

Sandy beach

Durdle Door : a shingle beach separated by the famous “door” Dorset UK

Seaside resorts often build groynes to keep beaches in place and to reduce the effects of longshore drift

On the land side, silt and alluvium are deposited and salt marshes form.

Bars

Slapton Ley Bar in Devon

Example in Cyprus: Larnaca Salt lake is a lagoon with the bar on the East