Opioid overdose education and naloxone distribution: Development of the Veterans Health Administration’s national program Elizabeth M. Oliva, Melissa L.D. Christopher, Daina Wells, Mark Bounthavong, Michael Harvey, Julianne Himstreet, Thomas Emmendorfer, Michael Valentino, Mariano Franchi, Francine Goodman, Jodie A. Trafton Journal of the American Pharmacists Association Volume 57, Issue 2, Pages S168-S179.e4 (March 2017) DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2017.01.022 Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions
Figure 1 Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Opioid Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution (OEND) program timeline. The steps referred to in the timeline are described in detail in Table 1. In brief, the steps are: (1) identify clinical champion(s) for OEND implementation, (2) identify target patient populations, (3) garner support and prepare materials and resources and proposals and protocols, (4) obtain any necessary approvals to implement OEND, (5) train staff on OEND, (6) implement OEND, and (7) evaluate OEND. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2017 57, S168-S179.e4DOI: (10.1016/j.japh.2017.01.022) Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions
Figure 2 Veterans Health Administration (VHA) naloxone prescription options. The intramuscular and intranasal naloxone kits developed by VHA were replaced with corollary Food and Drug Administration–approved devices when they became available (e.g., the auto-injector replaced the intramuscular naloxone kit and the nasal spray replaced the intranasal naloxone kit). Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2017 57, S168-S179.e4DOI: (10.1016/j.japh.2017.01.022) Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions
Figure 3 Number of naloxone prescriptions dispensed and number of new prescribers per quarter. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2017 57, S168-S179.e4DOI: (10.1016/j.japh.2017.01.022) Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions
Appendix 1 VHA National OEND SharePoint site. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2017 57, S168-S179.e4DOI: (10.1016/j.japh.2017.01.022) Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions
Appendix 2 VHA Academic Detailing OEND Campaign Homepage. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2017 57, S168-S179.e4DOI: (10.1016/j.japh.2017.01.022) Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions
Appendix 3 VHA naloxone distribution by state (9/14/16). Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2017 57, S168-S179.e4DOI: (10.1016/j.japh.2017.01.022) Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions
Appendix 4 STORM Look-Up Report with Recommendations on an Example Actionable Patient. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2017 57, S168-S179.e4DOI: (10.1016/j.japh.2017.01.022) Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions
Appendix 5 Pilot Naloxone Reversal Report. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association 2017 57, S168-S179.e4DOI: (10.1016/j.japh.2017.01.022) Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions