Per Nyborg Development in European co-operation European trends in teaching and learning Council of Europe Strasbourg, 25 June 2010 Per Nyborg Development in European co-operation between leadership, staff and students

Common European principles in higher education public responsibility for higher education, autonomous institutions, academic freedom, quality assurance of higher education and research.

Common European practices in higher education student mobility, co-operation between institutions, exchange of students and staff, recognition of study periods and degrees from partner institutions.

The Bologna Process A European Higher Education Area based on the common principles and practices has been developed by common understanding and trust. The same principles and practices may also be a basis for co-operation and exchange between HE institutions anywhere – in the same country, within Europe, in different regions.

Lisbon Recognition Convention (1998) Each country shall recognise qualifications – whether for access to higher education, for periods of study or for higher education degrees – as similar to the corresponding qualifications in its own system unless it can show that there are substantial differences.

Confidence building measures between Moldova and the Transnistrian Region exchange of information and communication between the two academic communities should be improved; recognition procedures should be based on the Lisbon Recognition Convention; co-operative links between the academic communities should be supported; academic exchanges should be encouraged.

Co-operation: with students and staff on leadership level within institutions between institutions between the HE sector and national authorities

Conclusion Building understanding and trust within the higher education system and between the higher education system and the public authorities is an important element in the further development of higher education.