Islamic Conquests & Caliphates:

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Ways of the World: A Brief Global History with Sources Second Edition
Advertisements

The Spread of Islam: Fill out YOUR WORKSHEET AS WE GO!
Obj: Students will analyze the early developments of the Islamic empire, both ideologically and militarily. Homework: 1) Read Pact of Umar (annotate=extra.
Pilgrimage to Mecca Home of the Bedouins Was the site of Kaaba – most religious shrine in Arabia Tribe that controlled access to Kaaba shrine Before Muhammad,
Spread of Islam. Where did Islam Spread? Diffusion along trade routes from Mecca and Medina Fertile Crescent, N. Africa, Asia (weak Byzantine and Persian.
Section 3: Spread of Islam
The Rise of the Muslim World
Rise and Spread of Islam
The Early Islamic World Pre-Islamic Arabia, c. 600 Bedouin clans Camel herders and town dwellers Frequent feuds over pasturing/water resources.
World History Chapter 10B The Spread of Islam. Muhammad’s Successors Spread Islam to the Middle East When Muhammad died in 632A.D. he had not appointed.
The Birth of Islam Unit 3 PP 3 Chapter 10 sections 1 & 2
THE RISE OF SPREAD OF ISLAM Chapter Six AP World History Ms. Tully.
Chapter 9: Islamic Empire. Palmyra Petra Review Questions How was the prophet Muhammad different than Jesus or Siddartha (Buddha)? A: Unlike Jesus.
Chapter 8: Rise of Islam.
Setting the Stage  When Muhammad died in 632, the community faced a crisis. Muslims, inspired by the message of Allah, believed they had a duty to carry.
Islam Expands. Muhammad’s Successors Spread Islam  Muhammad dies in 634  4 “Rightly Guided Caliphs  Abu Bakr  Umar  Uthman  Ali.
Origins of Islam September 19th.
AP World History Notes Chapter 8
Rise of Islam and the First Empires
The Expansion of Islam 7.4, 7.7, 7.9.
Bell Ringer What impact do you think the death of Muhammad had on the Islamic faith/empire?
10.2-Islam Expands.
Key Concept 3.2: Continuity & Innovations of State Forms & Their Interactions (Islam) Period 3: 600 – 1450 CE.
THE ISLAMIC EMPIRE.
World History Islamic Empires.
Building a Muslim Empire
Essential Question: What was the impact of the Islamic Empire under the Abbasids & Umayyads? Warm-Up Question: ?
“Submitting to the will of Allah”
The Islamic World.
The Arabian Peninsula A crossroads of three continents Africa, Europe, Asia Agriculture only in the south and near modern Oman Desert and Town Life.
Locating the Origins and Development of Islam
Rise of Islam.
The Sassanid Empire and the Rise of Islam
Expansion of Islam.
The Expansion of Islam.
AP World History Notes Chapter 11
Essential Question: What was the impact of the Islamic Empire under the Abbasids & Umayyads? Warm-Up Question: ?
The Early Islamic World
Overview of Islam Around 600 AD, a new monotheistic religion began called Islam: Islam was founded by the prophet Muhammad in the Arabian city of Mecca.
Islam Essential Question: Analyze one of the following aspects of everyday life of someone in Islam: geographic, political, economic, religious, or social.
LEARNING TARGET: You will:
II. The Making of an Arab Empire
Islam Expands 10.2 Notes.
The Birth of Islam.
The Islamic World – Dar-al-Islam
The Spread of Islam.
Locating the Origins and Development of Islam
Essential Question: What was the impact of the Islamic Empire under the Abbasids & Umayyads? Warm-Up Question: ?
Chapter 9: AP World History
Arab Conquests.
Essential Question: What was the impact of the Islamic Empire under the Abbasids & Umayyads? Warm-Up Question: ?
Essential Question: What was the impact of the Islamic Empire under the Abbasids & Umayyads? Warm-Up Question: ?
Chapter 9: AP World History
Essential Question: What was the impact of the Islamic Empire under the Abbasids & Umayyads? Warm-Up Question: ?
Chapter 6.
Essential Question: What was the impact of the Islamic Empire under the Abbasids & Umayyads? Warm-Up Question: ?
Essential Question: What was the impact of the Islamic Empire under the Abbasids & Umayyads? Warm-Up Question: ?
Essential Question: What was the impact of the Islamic Empire under the Abbasids & Umayyads? Warm-Up Question: ?
Everything You Need To Know About Islam To Succeed In AP World
The Expansive Realm of Islam
Finish finding one interesting fact per Empire.
Essential Question: What was the impact of the Islamic Empire under the Abbasids & Umayyads?
Essential Question: What was the impact of the Islamic Empire under the Abbasids & Umayyads? Warm-Up Question: ?
Islamic Conquests & Caliphates:
Islam Expands 10.2.
Chapter 10 Section 2 The Spread of Islam.
The Spread of Islam.
Write and Define the 5 Pillars in your notebooks
Muhammad’s Early Life Muhammad was born around 570 C.E.
The Worlds of Islam C.E.. The Worlds of Islam C.E.
Presentation transcript:

Islamic Conquests & Caliphates: 600-1200 Unit 2 Chapter 8

Ease of Accessibility Arabia on periphery of 2 established & rival empires Byzantium Sassanid Monotheism in existence “children of Abraham” Kaaba

Key Moments Birth of Muhammad 570 Beginning of revelations 610 Hijra 622 Muhammad’s return to Mecca 630 Death of Muhammad 632 Rightly Guided Caliphs 632-661 Arab victories (Byzantium & Persia) 636-637 Conquest of Egypt 640 Compilation of Quran 650s Umayyad Caliphate 661-750 Conquest of Spain 711-718 Abbasid Caliphate 750-1258 Battle of Talas River 750

Muhammad Abdullah (570-632) Mecca Troubled by social inequalities; periods of withdrawal & meditation Allah’s messenger to the Arabs (Quran) “Seal of great prophets” (Abraham, Moses, Jesus, Muhammad) monotheistic

Hijra Challenged Mecca’s growing commercialism & clan structure of Arab society Fled to Medina 622 – marks beginning of Islamic calendar Umma – Islamic community; based on belief rather than kinship; political & religious authority

Consolidation Early military success 630 Mecca surrenders By his death, Arabia Islamic state Motives for further Conquest???

Motives for Conquest Profitable trade routes Agricultural regions Religious conversion Jihad – “struggle” – bringing righteous government to conquered peoples HOWEVER – recognized Jews, Christians, & Zoroastrians as “people of the book” – dhimmis – protected subjects

Conquered Peoples Through 9th Century Dhimmas allowed to practice own religion by paying jizya – considered substitute for military service Indiscriminate destruction & exploitation not allowed Reasons for conversion???

Conversion Growing prestige Appealing to slaves and POWs Aided social mobility Between 750-900, 80% of Persia converted Also became dominant in Egypt, North Africa, Iraq, Pakistan, Iran, & Turkey

Rightly Guided Caliphs 632-661 First 4 Companions to the Prophet 3rd & 4th assassinated – schism Sunni – caliphs selected by community Shia (Shiites) – caliphs from line of Muhammad

Umayyad Caliphate 661-750 Capital moved to Damascus (Syria) Great expansion – Byzantine and Persian Empires Weakened by decades of war Internal revolts Non-Arab Muslims had less rights

Umayyad Caliphate Cont. Introduced silver & gold coinage Established trade network Mediterranean Silk Road Sahara Indian Ocean

Abbasid Caliphate 750-1258 Killed Umayyad royal family at dinner Moved capital to Baghdad Expansion – North Africa Spain Muslim Golden Age (Non-Arab Muslims Equal) 1258 – invasion of Mongol forces; last Abbasid caliph killed