Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Narrow Band PHY Proposal for 802.15.4g] Date Submitted: [27 February 2009] Source: [Cristina Seibert] Company [Silver Spring Networks] [Benjamin A. Rolfe] Company [Blind Creek Associates] [George Flammer] Company [Silver Spring Networks] Address [] Voice:[] E-Mail: [cseibert @ silverspringnet.com] [ben @ blindcreek.com] [gflammer @ silverspringnet.com] Re: [] Abstract: Preliminary Proposal for a Narrow Band PHY for 802.15.4g Purpose: Technical Proposal Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

Narrow-band PHY Proposal for 802.15.4g <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> January 1, 2019 Smart Utility Networks (SUN) Narrow-band PHY Proposal for 802.15.4g Preliminary Technical Features Summary <author>, <company>

PHY Overview Contents Key Characteristics of SUN General PHY Features January 1, 2019 PHY Overview Contents Key Characteristics of SUN General PHY Features Key PHY Techniques Hopping and Modulation Data Whitening PHY Processing Aspects Data Transfer PHY Frame (PPDU) PHY Channel Plan MAC Support

Key Characteristics of SUN January 1, 2019 Key Characteristics of SUN Some of the characteristics of the W-SUN include: Low data rate: over the air data rates of 40kb/s up to 1 Mb/s High resilience and adaptability in the presence of interference and good coexistence properties with both like systems and non SUN systems. Enhanced IP support (> 1500 octet payload) Ubiquity Very high reliability and availability Dynamic scaling to very large aggregate networks Peer to Peer, minimal infrastructure-dependent operation PHY MAC

General PHY Features Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum: January 1, 2019 General PHY Features Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum: Individual channels at nominal < 250 KHz, 20 dB down from peak 300 KHz channel spacing Channel plan across multiple bands Simple PHY frame Support for 2047 octet payload (802.1 MTU) w/32-bit CRC on PHY payload (802 standard generator) Nominal (base)100kbps data rate, alternate rates possible Simple FSK modulation Data whitening of payload bits

Hopping and Modulation January 1, 2019 Hopping and Modulation FHSS: A method of transmitting radio signals Carrier tunes to various channels Channel pseudorandom sequence known to both transmitter and receiver. FSK: A frequency modulation scheme Digital information is transmitted through discrete frequency changes of a carrier wave. MFSK is a spectrally efficient form of FSK.

January 1, 2019 Data whitening Whitens payload data (PSDU/MPDU) to avoid long series of 1’s and 0’s. 8-bit scrambler (255 bit sequence) taps at bits [8,4,3,2] Scrambler re-seeded periodically

PHY Processing Aspects January 1, 2019 PHY Processing Aspects The physical layer (PHY) provides the on-air interface between communicating nodes. Its header is sent “in the clear” and its payload (the MAC/DLL data) is scrambled by the PHY Layer. The major functions of the PHY layer is the recovery of bit timing, determination of start-of-frame, recovery of the scrambling seed, and length of the PHY frame, and performing a 32-bit cyclic-redundancy-check against the unscrambled MAC/DLL data field. The PHY layer then processes the incoming stream for length bytes, calculating the CRC-32. If the CRC-32 matches that received, the PHY layer passes the frame to the MAC/DLL for subsequent processing.

January 1, 2019 Data Transfer

PHY Frame (PPDU) Support for 2047 octet payload (802.1 MTU) January 1, 2019 PHY Frame (PPDU) Support for 2047 octet payload (802.1 MTU) IEEE CRC-32 on PHY frame Octets: 7 2 1 variable 4 Bits: 56 16 8 11 32 Preamble SFD Scrambler Seed R F U E X T Length (PSDU) CRC-32 SHR PHR PHY Payload FCS Structure of PPDU

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> January 1, 2019 PHY Channel Plan Large number of narrow band channels across multiple bands Hop-able across all bands implemented At least one band from: 779-787 MHz (China) 840 to 956 MHz 868–868.6 MHz (e.g. Europe, China, others) 902–928 MHz (e.g., Americas, China, others) 950-956 MHz (Japan) 865.6-867.6, 840.5-844.5 2400–2483.5 MHz (worldwide) Other bands available? <author>, <company>

PHY Channel Plan Band # Chans 902–928 MHz 85 2400–2483.5 MHz 277 January 1, 2019 PHY Channel Plan Increase channels per page to support more channels Band # Chans 902–928 MHz 85 2400–2483.5 MHz 277 950-956 MHz 19 840.5-844.5 12 865.6- 867.6 5 868.0-868.6 1

PHY Channel Plan . Example: 902–928 MHz January 1, 2019 PHY Channel Plan Example: 902–928 MHz Chan n: 902.3+(n*0.3) where n=0 to 84 0: 902.30 1: 902.60 2: 902.90 3: 903.20 4: 903.50 5: 903.80 6: 904.10 7: 904.40 8: 904.70 9: 905.00 10: 905.30 11: 905.60 12: 905.90 13: 906.20 14: 906.50 15: 906.80 16: 907.10 17: 907.40 18: 907.70 19: 908.00 . 63: 921.20 64: 921.50 65: 921.80 66: 922.10 67: 922.40 68: 922.70 69: 923.00 70: 923.30 71: 923.60 72: 923.90 75: 924.80 76: 925.10 77: 925.40 78: 925.70 79: 926.00 80: 926.30 81: 926.60 82: 926.90 83: 927.20 84: 827.50

MAC Support Meet regulatory requirements for channel occupancy January 1, 2019 MAC Support Meet regulatory requirements for channel occupancy E.g. max on channel 0.4 seconds Visit each channel in sequence before re-visiting OK to skip channel (black-listing) Reliability support Packet acknowledgment Packet retransmission