Imperialism and Foreign Policy The New National Issue
Imperialism: Question: should the US have control of foreign territory? 1793- Washington- stay out of foreign affairs 1893- Turner- end of the Frontier!
Reasons For: To spread democracy/ civilization… manifest destiny Economic expansion- raw materials and markets for goods For military bases Reasons Against: Isolationism Undemocratic to force government on others/ consent of the governed… racist, too Expensive to keep control
Hawaii Civilization: missionaries Economics: sugar and pineapple Military- Pearl Harbor Undemocratic- natives oppose annexation American businessmen overthrew the queen and applied for annexation!
Spanish American War Teller Amendment: Platt Amendment:
Spanish American War Democracy- help Cubans gain independence from Spain, sanitation/ education/ transportation in Phil. Econ- US businessmen in Cuba ask for help, to promote Far East trade Havana/ Manila Bay Undem- US occupied the Philippines Independence failed by 1 vote in Congress Expensive- Filipino War Aguinaldo US atrocities
China Spheres of influence: 1899- Open Door Policy: 1900- Boxer Rebellion:
Japan 1853- Commodore M Perry forced Japan to open ports to trade after 2 centuries of isolation Japan began to industrialize 1908- Root- Takahira Agreement– respect everyone’s territory/ maintain a balance of power in the Pacific Restates the Open Door Policy
Latin America Monroe Doctrine: 1823- Europe, stay out of the Western Hemisphere Irony: Roosevelt Corollary: Big Stick Policy:
Panama Canal First Attempts: France Rebellion: Panama vs. Columbia Difficulties: terrain and disease Gorgas and Reed: Opened August, 1914
Effects of Imperialism US governs millions in distant lands US gains status as a world power US more involved in foreign affairs than ever before… a shift in our foreign policy