Patterns of flavor signals in supersymmetric models Yasuhiro Okada (KEK/Sokendai) November 16, 2007 University of Toyama Work based on collaboration with Toru Goto, Tetsuo Shindou, and Minoru Tanaka

Flavor physics in the LHC era The LHC experiment will start to look at the TeV scale physics directly next year. Past and ongoing experiments in flavor physics have already put strong constraints on new physics models. (KEK and SLAC B factories, Tevatron B physics, etc.) Several new experiments are under construction, LHCb(B), BESIII(t,charm),MEG(m->eg), and future plans of Super B factory are considered.

Plan of this talk Present status of B physics and plan of a future B factory. Flavor signals in various SUSY models.

Two B factrories Two B factory experiments, Belle at KEKB and BABAR at PEPII have been very successful. total KEKB PEPII Over 1ab-1 (=1000 fb-f) in total corresponding to 109 B-Bbar pairs.

Status of quark flavor physics The Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix works perfectly.

Series of discoveries 2001 CPV in B->J/y Ks 2001 b->sll 2004 Direct CPV in B->Kp 2006 b->dg 2006 B->tn 2006 Bs –Bs mixing at Tevatron D-D mixing All are consistent with the CKM prediction.

Is this enough? Not, to study New Physics effects. In order to disentangle new physics effects, we should first determine CKM parameters by “tree-level” processes. Fit from tree level processes |Vub|, f3/g Bd mixing and CP asymmetries eK and B(K->pnn) Bs mixing and CP asymmetries + We know (or constrain) which sector is affected by new physics. Improvement of f3/g is essential.

Super B factory Physics case of future B factory experiments has been studied in many places. Super KEKB LoI (hep-ex/0406071) SLAC Super B workshop (hep-ph/0503261) Super B CDR (arXiv:0709.0451) CERN workshop “Flavour in the era of the LHC” At KEK, we started study on future upgrade of　the current B factory experiment in 2001 by theorists, experimentalists and accelerator physicists. The effort is still continuing . Super KEKB aims to increase the luminosity by a factor of 50. The goal of a super B factory is to explore physics at the TeV scale from B, D, and t decays.

Physics sensitivity at a Super B factory. (1) Unitarity triangle 50 ab -1 5 ab -1 Consistency test at % level is possible at 50 ab -1.

(2) CP asymmetry in penguin-dominated processes Time-dependent CP asymmetry Current data (Dominant decay diagrams) B->J/yKs “tree” B->fKs “penguin” New phase (ex SUSY) “sin 2f1“ is the same in the SM

(3) Rare B decays There are many rare decay processes sensitive to new physics effects. Electroweak penguin processes offer several theoretical clean observables. Inclusive and exclusive b->sg Inclusive and exclusive b->dg Inclusive and exclusive b->sll 1. Direct CP violation in b->sg,dg (New phase) 2. Mixing-induced CP asymmetry in B->K*g, Ksp0g. (Right-handed photon operator) 3. Lepton forward-backward asymmetry in b ->sll.

Super B sensitivity 50 ab -1 5 ab-1

(4) Tau lepton flavor violation The number of tau pairs produced at a B factory is similar to the number of BBbar pairs. Tau LFV processes can be searched for 10-9 -10-8 level.

B physics in various SUSY models T.Goto, Y.O. Y.Shimizu, T.Shindou, and M.Tanaka, PRD(2002), (2004) In order to illustrate how B physics is useful to distinguish different SUSY models, we calculated various quark flavor observables in three representative SUSY models. Models 1. Minimal supergravity model (mSUGRA) 2. SU(5) SUSY GUT with right-handed neutrino MSSM with U(2) flavor symmetry Observables Bd-Bd mixing, Bs-Bs mixing. CP violation in K-K mixing (e). Time-dependent CP violation in B ->J/yKs, B->fKs, B->K*g . Direct CP violation in b->s g.

A new study on quark and lepton flavor signals in SUSY models T.Goto, Y.O.T.Shindou, and M.Tanaka, 2007 We have extended our previous work in the light of new developments and prospects of future experimental programs. 1. Bs physics We take the Bs mixing as a new constraint, and calculate time-dependent CP asymmetry in Bs-> J/y f mode, which is expected to be measured up to the precision of 0.01 at LHCb. (CDF,2006) 2. Tau LFV We have calculated t -> mg and t -> eg branching ratios in addition to m->eg for models with right-handed neutrinos. 3. Several technical improvements for calculations are incorporated.

SUSY and Flavor Physics SUSY modes introduce SUSY partners. Squark/sleption mass matrixes are new sources of flavor mixing and CP violation. Super partners SM particles neutralino, chargino gluino slepton squark W,Z,g, H gluon lepton quark Spin 1/2 Spin 0 Spin 1 Spin 1/2 Spin 1 Spin 1/2 Spin 0 Quark mass Squark mass SUSY breaking

SU(5) SUSY GUT with right-handed neutrinos In the SUSY GUT case, the quark (neutrino) Yukawa coupling becomes a source of LFV (quark FCNC). Quark Yukawa coupling Neutrino Yukawa coupling GUT interactions Quark flavor signals Time-dep CP asymmetries in B->fKs B -> K*g Bs->J/yf Lepton flavor violation in m->eg t->mg t->eg L.J.Hall,V.Kostelecky,S.Raby,1986;A.Masiero, F.Borzumati, 1986

Neutrino Yukawa coupling and LFV LFV constraint depends on neutrino parameters Neutrino mass LFV mass terms for slepton (and sdown). Three cases are considered for MR. Degenerate case (MR )ij= M dij Severe m->eg constraint Non-degenerate (I) Non-degenerate (II) m ->eg suppressed (Casas and Ibarra, Ellis-Hisano-Raidal-Shimizu)

MSSM with U(2) flavor symmetry A.Pomarol and D.Tommasini, 1996; R.Barbieri,G.Dvali, and L.Hall, 1996; R.Barbieri and L.Hall; R.Barbieri, L.Hall, S.Raby, and A.Romonino; R.Barbieri,L.Hall, and A.Romanino 1997; A.Masiero,M.Piai, and A.Romanino, and L.Silvestrini,2001; …. The quark Yukawa couplings and the squark mass terms are governed by the same flavor symmetry. 1st and 2nd generation => U(2) doublet 3rd generation => U(2) singlet We do not consider LFV processes in this model

Lepton flavor violation processes in SU(5) SUSY GUT with right-handed neutrinos m->eg, t->mg,t->eg rates are calculated in three cases in the GUT model. Degenerate Non-degenerate (I) Non-degenerate (II) t->eg t->mg m->eg slepton mass 3TeV

t->mg and m->eg can be close to the present bounds We take MR= 4x1014 GeV, which corresponds to 0(1) neutrino Yukawa coupling constants. Degenerate case: B(m->eg) is the process that limits the SUSY parameter space, and can be close to the present bound even if the slepton mass is 3 TeV. Non-degenerate (I) t->mg and m->eg can be close to the present bounds Non-degenerate (II) t->eg and m->eg can be close to the present bounds. m->eg vs. tLFV in non-degenerate (I)

b-s and b-d transition processes We have calculated the following observables for mSUGRA, three cases of SUSY GUT with RHN, and the U(2) model. S(K*g): Mixing-induced CP asymmetry of B->K*g S(rg): Mixing-induced CP asymmetry of B->rg A(sg): Direct CP asymmetry of b->sg A(dg): Direct CP asymmetry of b->dg DS(fKs)=S(fKs)-S(J/yKs): Difference of mixing-induced asymmetries for B->fKs and B->J/yKs S(Bs->J/yf): Mixing-induced asymmetry of Bs->J/yf Chiral structure New phase Phase of the Bs mixing amplitude, ~-0.04 in the SM New CP phase We have taken account of constraints from LFV and EDM searches.

Mixing-induced CP asymmetry: S(B->K*g) U(2) model SUSY GUT non-deg (I) mSUGRA Super B sdown mass 3 TeV Deviation can be large in SUSY GUT non-deg(I) and U(2) case Expected precision is 0.02-0.03 at Super B factory. Estimation of experimental reach from Super KEKB LOI, SuperB:CDR, CERN WS on Flavour in the era of the LHC

Mixing-induced CP asymmetry: S(B->rg) mSUGRA SUSY GUT non-deg (II) U(2) model Super B Expected precision is 0.08-0.12 at Super B factory.

Direct CP Asymmety: A(b->sg) mSUGRA SUSY GUT non-deg (I) U(2) Super B Some deviations from the SM in the U(2) case. Precision will be 0.004-0.005 at Super B factory.

DS(fKs)=S(B->fKs)-S(B->J/yKs) mSUGRA SUSY GUT non-deg (I) U(2) model Super B Expected precision is 0.02-0.03 at Super B factory.

S(Bs->J/yf) for a new CP phase in the Bs mixing amplitude SUSY GUT non-deg (I) U(2) model mSUGRA LHCb Expected precision is 0.01 at LHCb from talk by T.Nakata at “SUSY 2010’s”, Hokkaido Univ. June 2007.

Correlation between DmBs/DmBd and f3(g) U(2) model mSGURA SUSY GUT non-deg (II) LHCb Precision of f3 determination is 2-3deg at LHCb and 1-2 deg at Super B factory The error in the vertical axis is essentially the uncertainty of x. This is a sensitive test for new physics contributions to Bs and Bd mixing amplitudes unless they are cancelled as in the case of Minimal Flavor Violation.

Pattern of new physics signals Promising signals Possible deviations for some points Pattern of deviations from the SM can provide a clue on physics determining the structure of the SUSY breaking sector.

Conclusions We have performed a comparative study on quark and lepton flavor signals for representative SUSY models; mSUGRA, MSSM with right-handed neutrinos, SU(5) SUSY GUT with right-handed neutrinos, and U(2) models. Each model predicts a different pattern of the deviations from the SM in b-s and b-d quark transition processes and muon and tau LFV processes. Bs physics at LHCb and tau LFV searches at a future B factory will be important parts of this program, along with the m->eg search at the MEG experiment.