Welcome W 3.1 Introduction to Engineering Design II (IE 202) Chapter 1: Engineering Design 1 1

Today’s Learning Outcomes By the completion of today's meeting, students should be able to: Describe what Engineering Design is. Express where/when engineers design? Explain the roles/players in the design process. Clarify variations in design environments. 2 2

Engineering Design When did mankind start designing? People have been designing objects for as far back as Adam’s time: knives, basic tools, interior design, carpet, decorating … etc. 3 3

Time to Enjoy! Exercise # 0 Have you ever designed something? Submit your answer in 10 minutes. How about your vacation? What was your plan when you joined the College of Engineering? How did you select the courses for this semester? 4 4

Where/When do we design? Food processing and Distribution: New container for a juice product. Design and Construction Industry: Highway bridge for a construction project. Automobile Manufacturers: Heads-up instrumentation cluster. Toyota! School System: Specialized facilities to accommodate students with disabilities. 5 5

The Design Process Who are the players in the design process? (5 m) Definitions & Roles: => 6 6

Players in the design process Who is the designer? You! The engineer is usually the designer. How does he do the design? How does he start? This will be covered in detail in this course. 7 7

Players in the design process Who is the client? The investor, motivator/driver for the design: government sector/company/ owner/group that wants the design to be conceived. Designs could be done: internally (within the company), or externally (outside the company). 8 8

Players in the design process Who is the user? Person or group of people who will use the artifact (device, system), e.g. Consumers who buy new juice Drivers on the new highway Drivers of new car Disabled students and teachers The Public – may raise ethical issues 9 9

Importance of each Player What is the importance of each player in the process? Designer: no design without him Client: source of funding (and the idea in most cases) User: Design won’t be successful if it doesn’t meet user needs 10 10

Roles of each Player The designer must understand the client and user needs. The client should understand user needs and communicate them to designer, if not designer may have to identify the user needs. Ideally designers and clients must both understand the user needs. 11 11

Design Environments Large or small organizations Large manufacturers or small start-up ventures: Government agencies Engineering Service Firms/Consultants Projects may be large or small May involve large number of colleagues/data You may only work on small, detailed/confined portion of a large design (detailed design) User needs are taken into account at project start-up for large projects (conceptual design) 12 12

Design Variations There will be variations in designs due to different interpretations of project statements and user needs: Airplanes – Wheel chairs - Buildings 13 13

Design Variations Towers or small houses 14 14

Diverging Interests Interests of Designers, Clients and Users could diverge and may lead to conflicting obligations Thin metal juice can may be most inexpensive May be easily recyclable Sharp edges when crushed … ! safety hazard Thickness affects sharp edges of crushed cans, but also cost. They are always multiple criteria to consider to identify the final design. 15 15

Design Teams Design Teams are very common in engineering. Many engineering problems are inherently multidisciplinary: Examples - machines (electrical / mechanical) - medical instrumentation Designers must understand clients/users/ technologies in very different environments Designs require assembling teams with necessary expertise from diverse backgrounds, i.e. interdisciplinary teams. 16 16

Definition of Eng. Design Definitions of Engineering Design could fill many books with different definitions and models of engineering design. We’ll consider the definition used by the text. “Engineering Design is the systematic, intelligent generation and evaluation of specifications for artifacts whose form and function achieve stated objectives and satisfy constraints.” 17 17

Definition of Terms Artifacts – human-made objects (things or devices that we are designing): Most often physical (planes, chairs, etc.) Sometimes also ‘paper’ products;drawings, plans, computer software, articles, books Increasingly ‘soft’; electronic files that become ‘real’ when displayed on the screen Form – shape or geometry of an artifact or the layout of a user interface Function – those things that an artifact is supposed to do 18 18

Definition of Eng. Design Specifications – precise descriptions of the properties of the object being designed: Typically numerical values of performance parameters (indicators of artifact’s behavior) OR attributes (properties or characteristics of the artifact) Example: Ladder design – unextended length of 1.5 metres is a geometric attribute, and the ability to access 3 meter heights is a performance specification 19 19

Definition of Eng. Design Design Specifications: The set of values that articulates what a design is supposed to do. Basis for evaluating proposed designs (targets against which the success of a design can be measured). Acceptance tests are usually written into the document. Design Specifications are found through systematic, thoughtful generation. 20 20

Design Techniques/Processes Systematic and Intelligent, yet still must support Creativity: Help us think clearly Make better decisions Ways of asking questions and presenting and viewing the answers to those questions Managing and organizing resources needed to complete a design project on time and within budget Communication &documentation are key to successful design 21 21

Managing Engineering Design A Good Design doesn’t just happen. Management achieves organizational goals by planning, organizing, leading and controlling. Planning – the process of setting goals and deciding best how to achieve them Organizing – the process of allocating and arranging human and non-human resources so that plans can be carried out successfully Leading – ongoing activity of exerting influence and using power to motivate others to work toward reaching organizational goals Controlling – process of monitoring and regulating the organization’s progress toward achieving goals 22 22

Selection of Team Members By the end of the week, teams will be formed by the instructor. Every one has to introduce himself by writing his: Name Dept. No. of hours finished Housing 23 23

For next class Read chapter 1 Bring your own USB Be ready for In-Class Assignment # 1 Best wishes 24 24