By Madison, Giavanna, and Alexis Judaism By Madison, Giavanna, and Alexis

Origin Abraham promoted the central idea: there is one God (monotheistic) Started in Canaan (modern day Israel and Palestine) 13 Principles of Faith -code for all Jews to follow Belief in a Messiah to come and save them God revealed laws and commandments to Moses (5 books in Torah) The Torah is the holy book of Judaism

Abraham founder of Judaism Made an agreement with God that if he left his home and family then God would make him leader In return God made Abraham promise that all of his descendents would be circumcised His faith was tested when God commanded him to sacrifice his son Isaac He was about to fulfill the commandment but an an angel of God appeared and stopped him Showed his fear of devotion His faith in God has been a model for Jews

Turning points in Judaism Some major turning points in Judaism were: Haskalah Holocaust The First Aliyah

Haskalah (Jewish Enlightenment) lasted from the 1770s- 1880s movement based on rationality EDUCATION: -wealthy girls got private education -”Freischule” (free school)- school for poor children LANGUAGE: -end of Yiddish, revival of Hebrew, adoption of European language LITERATURE: -Hebrew language led to Hebrew literature -writers looked to more serious aspects JOBS: -more skills jobs arose rather than commercial duties Assimilation / Jewish Nationalism

Holocaust (1933-1945) “...in every generation enemies rise up seeking to destroy us, but God delivers us from their hands.” ~haggadah at the Passover CHALLENGED THEIR FAITH: -belief that covenant between God and people may have expired -could not belief God and such evil could coexist FEAR TO BE ALONE: -Jews feared to return to their former homes :those that returned were scared for their lives -tens of thousands survivors remained homeless -Jews now did not believe they could live in alone in their own homeland

The First Aliyah lasted from 1882-1903 immigration to Ottoman Palestine first of the five major movements to form a new Jewish society part of the Zionist movement ZIONISM- a movement for the development and protection of a new Jewish holy land (Israel) secular movement re-colonization of the holy land

Modern day Judaism Modern day Jews believe in three major divisions of Judaism Orthodox Judaism- Belief in all practices in the Torah. Must obey the torah at all times Conservative- Belief that Jewish laws and beliefs must interpreted for modern life Reform Jews- allow everyone to sit together -Hebrew and local languages are spoken at services -not as strict as Conservative Jews. Still follow the Thirteen principles of faith Star of David - Desire to imitate the Christian cross

Approximate followers today About 5 million of the worlds 13 million Jews live in the United States About 5 million Jews practice in Israel

Holocaust impacts upon todays society Approximately 6 million jews died during the Holocaust After the Holocaust, Israel was created as a safe haven for the Jews to flock to. The Holocaust opened peoples eyes to genocide, and made people realize that evil can happen in the world.

Zionism today Some Jews today don’t consider Zionism as a part of Judaism its own religion within itself Zionists today believe that Jews should rise up, emancipate themselves from exile without waiting for the messiah, and establish a Jewish government in the Holy Land. This concept goes against the Torah and has been rejected by Rabbis for generations.

Bibliography http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaism http://www.jewishhistory.org/crash-course/ http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaism http://www.jewfaq.org/index.shtml