Scaling Up, Facilitating Agents, & Coalition Building Ethiopia Kenya Tanzania Uganda Zambia Scaling Up, Facilitating Agents, & Coalition Building

Scaling Up An expansion in the volume of services provided or in the kinds of services provided, e.g., expanding from home based care alone to home based care and orphan care.

Opportunities for Scaling Up Piloting: After demonstrating their ability to successfully manage resources and deliver quality services on a NAP funded project as a pilot, FBOs will be in a position to consider scaling up Experience: Many FBOs already have a great deal of experience with their area of service delivery and with resource management before they submit their first application to the NAP Group application and resource pooling: Small FBOs and congregations can jointly submit consolidated proposals, pooling their technical and administrative resources and expanding their coverage

Opportunities for Scaling Up (2) Multiple service-delivery areas: After initial NAP funding for service delivery in a single area such as home-based care, FBOs may seek funding for other areas of service delivery where they may have experience (e.g., orphan care, home-based care, and advocacy). Other resources: FBOs recurrent costs (e.g., salaries) may be financed by external donors or their membership. This may facilitate scaling up.

Issues in Scaling Up Financial constraints: Difficulty funding overhead costs such as staff time when neither NAPs nor other funders finance administrative costs Difficulty funding direct project costs for new service areas Lack of experience itemizing overhead costs Managing 3 different from managing 10, etc. : staff, reporting requirements, donor coordination.

Issues in Scaling Up (2) Financial constraints (continued): Difficulty making human resource and other investments needed to scale up when irregular disbursements from funders interrupt service delivery and undermine credibility. Lack of clear guidelines from the NAPs on how they evaluate an organization’s preparedness to scale up Lack of transportation needed to expand service delivery area Managing 3 different from managing 10, etc. : staff, reporting requirements, donor coordination.

Issues in Scaling Up (3) Capacity building: Human resources: Administrative support/institutional memory Technical support, especially in new areas of service delivery Monitoring and evaluation/quality control Risk of diminished quality in core services as new services are added Human resources: Capacity limitations of local labor force Difficulty retaining trained staff Difficulty of managing relations with multiple donors places increased demand on management time and skills It needs to be made clear that things that are obstacles in some countries are actually working well in other countries, e.g. the provision of guidelines on proposal development. Also, in some cases, the NACs did not provide guidelines initially, but they have subsequently begun to provide guidelines and/or templates.

Facilitating Agents Role: Provide technical assistance and training to strengthen the capacity of an organization to effectively access and manage resources and to deliver quality services. Types: Individual/consultants Organizations Networks Organizations: Faith-based organizations with strong capacity and experience in AIDS work and in resource management can seek funding to support capacity building for smaller faith-based organizations. Many established faith-based organizations already provide technical assistance to smaller faith-based organizations and other civil society organizations with less experience. Some of these organizations feel that it is their duty to provide this support, but considering the amount of time that some organization invest in this kind of external capacity building and the availability of resources to support CB, some established FBOs may wish to consider seeking funding to support this aspect of their work. Consultants: Many of the civil society organizations that were successful in their first round of applications found local volunteer or paid consultants with donor project management experience. These consultants to provide technical assistance at various stages of their projects including proposal preparation, implementation, and reporting. Networks: In addition to serving as advocacy bodies and forums for debate, faith-based networks can also seek funding to strengthen the capacity of member organizations to access and manage financial resources to support their HIV/AIDS work. Horizontal learning networks. Lessons of experience indicate that CSOs learn best through informal horizontal learning networks, in which CSOs undertake site visits to established projects, organize internships or placements with skilled CSO staff, build coaching and mentoring partnerships between experienced and new projects and develop local learning networks, where geographically proximate CSOs meet regularly to address and resolve issues of common concern.

The Role of Facilitating Agencies in Building Civil Society Capacity Box 6.1 The Role of Facilitating Agencies in Building Civil Society Capacity (p. 30; GOM for NAPs)   ACCORD is an international NGO that has worked in Ethiopia since 1986. It currently works in four areas of Ethiopia: Addis, Dire Darwa, Gambella and Shashemene, primarily in urban and rural livelihoods and community capacity building. ACCORD has an intensive CBO capacity building program in Addis, elements of which are infused into ACCORD’s work in other regions. ACCORD’s CBO program aims to promote the role of traditional CBOs (Edirs) as grassroots partners through three components: advocacy, direct financial support and training. The program has served to increase CBO networking and confidence to access resources and take up diverse development activities. A UNAIDS/WorldBank team visited ACCORD and CBO partners in Shashemene and observed that simple project management and financial administration systems shared by ACCORD had genuinely taken root in CBOs. CBOs visited had membership records, simple numbered receipts and informal cash books provided by ACCORD. They used training and planning systems shared by ACCORD. Their records were simple, clear and up-to-date. ACCORD’s support has significantly increased the capacity of community organizations to apply for, receive, manage, program and account for EMSAP resources. Ethiopia

Mary Joy Mary Joy is an Ethiopian NGO based in the outskirts of Addis Ababa. Established in 1992, the organization has gradually scaled up its activities and has become a model for integrated AIDS service delivery and CBO capacity building. Today, Mary Joy provides a broad spectrum of prevention, care, & support activities. Prevention Stigma Reduction Behavior Change Communication STD Treatment VCT Prevention of MTCT Care & Support Psychological & social support for PLWHA Clinical management of opportunistic infections Home-based care Orphan care Human rights advocacy

Mary Joy (2) In addition to the activities that it delivers directly, Mary Joy works to build the capacity of community-based organizations to mobilize and manage resources and to design and implement effective prevention, care, and support programs. The organization currently works with 37 CBOs across Ethiopia. Initially, Mary Joy funds a substantial portion of the CBOs’ activities while working to strengthening their capacity. However, the organizations must also mobilize resources independently. Each year, the CBOs are responsible for an increasing percentage of their own funding until they are able to sustain themselves by independently mobilizing resources from the local community and from donors.