Figure 5 Consequences of CKD on lipid metabolism

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Figure 5 Consequences of CKD on lipid metabolism Figure 5 | Consequences of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on lipid metabolism. CKD results in a reduction in plasma concentrations of ApoA-1, ApoA-2, lecithin–cholesteryl acyltransferase (LCAT), paraoxonase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), oxidation, myeloperoxidase-mediated modification and carbamylation of ApoA-1, and elevated concentrations of ACAT-1 in kidney and vascular tissue. These events work in concert to prevent the formation of cholesterol ester-rich HDL particles, impair reverse cholesterol transport, intensify the prevailing systemic oxidative stress and inflammation and increase the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and CKD progression. PON, paraoxonase; SAA, serum amyloid A. Vaziri, N. D. (2015) HDL abnormalities in nephrotic syndrome and chronic kidney disease Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi:10.1038/nrneph.2015.180