Classification & Cladograms

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Classification & Cladograms

Review: The Six Kingdoms of Life Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia

Domains Organizes the kingdoms into larger groups. A recent addition to the classification system. Organizes the kingdoms into larger groups.

Taxonomic Classification Further organizes domains and kingdoms by shared characteristics.

Eastern gray squirrel Sciurus carolinensis

Cladogram A “family tree” showing shared characteristics between groups of organisms.

Phylogenetic Tree

Phylogenetic Tree AKA “cladogram” Shows evolutionary relationships.

Phylogenetic Tree This tree compares DNA sequences. The larger the distance between branches the greater the number of differences between sequences.

Binomial Nomenclature Carolus Linnaeus – “Father of Taxonomy” Swedish scientist who created naming system for classifying organisms Organisms have two-part (binomial) scientific names Genus species (Genus is capitalized, species lowercase, all italicized) Ex: Homo sapiens, Canis lupus, Pan troglodytes

Binomial Nomenclature Benefits: clearly identifies organisms Common names can be misleading and confusing Dragonfly (not a dragon), starfish (not a fish) Different cultures/languages have different names for the same organism EX: Blue jay, blue coat, corn thief