3-4: Third Parties.

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Presentation transcript:

3-4: Third Parties

Big Idea: Competing Policy-Making Interests Enduring Understanding: Political parties provide opportunities for participation and influence how people relate to government and policymakers. Learning Objective: Explain how structural barriers impact third-party and independent-candidate success.

Overview of Third Parties Represent constituents that feel alienated from both major parties Sense of unresponsiveness CENSORED

Types of Third Parties Splinter Parties Form from small factions that break off from major parties Typically formed around popular individuals Examples Progressive Party—Roosevelt (1912) American Independent Party—Wallace (1968) Reform Party—Perot (1992)

Types of Third Parties Single-Issue Parties Ideological Parties Focus on advocating an issue, not winning elections Free Soil Party—anti-slavery Know Nothing Party—nativism Green Party—environmental protection Ideological Parties Libertarian Party—individualism and reduction of government Socialist Party—support for labor and regulation of big business

Obstacles to Third Parties Electoral system caters to a two- party system Winner-take-all format of Electoral College Winner-take-all single-member congressional districts Fund-raising issues—536 expensive elections rather than one Lack of media coverage

Role of Third Parties Strong views on controversial issues Put issues on political agenda May force major parties to take a strong position Also serves as a barrier to third-party success “Safety valve” for discontent within political process Spoiler role in elections