Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System Chapter 24, part B Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Acid-fast rod. Transmitted from human to human M. bovis: <1% U.S. cases, not transmitted from human to human M. avium-intracellulare complex infects people with late stage HIV infection Figure 24.9

Tuberculosis Figure 24.10.1

Tuberculosis Figure 24.10.2

Tuberculosis Figure 24.10.3

Tuberculosis Treatment of Tuberculosis: Prolonged treatment with multiple antibiotics Vaccines: BCG, live, avirulent M. bovis. Not widely used in U.S.

Tuberculosis Diagnosis: Tuberculin skin test screening + = current or previous infection Followed by X-ray or CT, acid-fast staining of sputum, culturing bacteria Figure 24.11

Tuberculosis Figure 14.11c

Tuberculosis Figure 24.12

Pneumomoccal Pneumonia Streptococcus pneumoniae: Gram-positive encapsulated diplococci Diagnosis by culturing bacteria Penicillin is drug of choice Figure 24.13

Pneumomoccal Pneumonia

Haemophilus influenzae Pneumonia Gram-negative coccobacillus Alcoholism, poor nutrition, cancer, or diabetes are predisposing factors Second-generation cephalosporins