GTR Corrections, Open Points, Expert Proposals and Confirmations in GTR 15 1/2/2019

Annex 4 Road load and dynamometer setting 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting GTR Text: 3.1.(j) EXPERT PROPOSAL: 01.11.2014: From C. Lueginger, A. Feucht and Daimler. Value in square brackets. STATUS AS OF 16.11.2014: Entered on 01.11.2014 in the GTR as an expert proposal. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting, §3.2.4. Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting, §3.2.4. GTR Text: EXPERT PROPOSAL: 30.10.2014. C. Lueginger and A. Feucht propose adding the term "ratio" twice as the equation is a ratio and not an absolute value. STATUS AS OF 16.11.2014: Entered on 30.10.2014 in the GTR as an expert proposal. Subject not yet discussed with all contracting parties. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting, §3.2.6. 17.12.2014: Proposal accepted. Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting, §3.2.6. GTR Text: GTR CORRECTION: Drafting co. proposal to change the term "flat belt" to moving belt as it is common terminology in motorsport and in the aircraft industry. Approved by C. Vallaude and F. Rohde. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting, paragraph 3.2.8. Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting, paragraph 3.2.8. GTR Text: EXPERT PROPOSAL: 30.10.2014. Equation changed to read that the absolute value of the quotient minus one shall be less than or equal to 1 per cent. Input from C. Lueginger and A. Feucht. STATUS AS OF 16.11.2014: Entered on 30.10.2014 in the GTR as an expert proposal. Subject not yet discussed with all contracting parties. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting GTR Text: EXPERT PROPOSAL: 30.10.2014. C. Lueginger and A. Feucht propose adding the term "ratio" twice as the equation is a ratio and not an absolute value. STATUS AS OF 16.11.2014: Entered on 30.10.2014 in the GTR as an expert proposal. Subject not yet discussed with all contracting parties. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting Current GTR 4.2.1. Test vehicle A test vehicle (vehicle H) shall be selected from the CO2 vehicle family (see paragraph 5.6. of this GTR) with the combination of road load relevant characteristics (i.e. mass, aerodynamic drag and tyre rolling resistance) producing the highest cycle energy demand. At the request of the manufacturer, the CO2 interpolation method may be applied for individual vehicles in the CO2 vehicle family (see paragraph 1.2.3.1. of Annex 6 and paragraph 3.2.3.2. of Annex 7). In that case, the road load shall also be determined on a test vehicle (vehicle L) having a combination of road load relevant characteristics producing the lowest cycle energy demand. Proposal from W. Coleman: 4.2.1. Test vehicle A test vehicle (vehicle H) shall be selected from the CO2 vehicle family (see paragraph 5.6. of this GTR) with the combination of road load relevant characteristics (i.e. mass, aerodynamic drag and tyre rolling resistance) producing the highest cycle energy demand. At the request of the manufacturer, the CO2 interpolation method may be applied for individual vehicles in the CO2 vehicle family (see paragraph 1.2.3.1. of Annex 6 and paragraph 3.2.3.2. of Annex 7). In that case, the road load shall also be determined on a test vehicle (vehicle L), and vehicles H and L shall have a combination of road load relevant characteristics producing respectively the highest and lowest cycle energy demand required for the CO2 interpolation. STATUS AS OF 22.09.2014: Entered in the GTR requesting comments < 31.10.2014. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting Current GTR: 4.2.1. Each test vehicle shall conform in all its components with the production series, or, if the vehicle is different from the production vehicle, a full description shall be recorded. If the manufacturer requests to use the CO2 interpolation method, the increase or decrease in the product of the aerodynamic drag coefficient (Cd) and frontal area (Af), m2, expressed as ∆f2 for all of the optional equipment in the CO2 vehicle family having an influence on the aerodynamic drag of the vehicle shall be recorded. Proposal from W. Coleman: 4.2.1. Each test vehicle shall conform in all its components with the production series, or, if the vehicle is different from the production vehicle, a full description shall be recorded in the test report. If the manufacturer requests to use the CO2 interpolation method, the increase or decrease in the product of the aerodynamic drag coefficient (Cd) and frontal area (Af), m2, expressed as ∆f2 for all of the optional equipment in the CO2 vehicle family which; (a) has an influence on the aerodynamic drag of the vehicle, and (b) is to be included in the combined approach CO2 interpolation, shall be recorded. TASK: Approval (a) of the text in red and (b) that “in the test report” in the proposed text be deleted. STATUS AS OF 22.09.2014: Entered in the GTR requesting comments < 31.10.2014. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting GTR Text: EXPERT PROPOSAL: 03.11.2014: proposed by Road Load task force (C. Lueginger, A. Feucht). The task force is not convinced that the paragraph is necessary. STATUS AS OF 16.11.2014: Entered on 03.11.2014 in the GTR as an expert proposal. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting CURRENT GTR 4.2.1.3. Weighing Before and after the road load determination procedure, the selected vehicle shall be weighed, including the test driver and equipment, to determine the average mass m av . The mass of the vehicle shall be equal to or higher than the target test mass ( TM H ) or TM L , calculated according to paragraph 4.2.1.3.1. below at the start of the road load determination procedure. For the test mass correction factor determination in paragraph 4.5.4. of this Annex, the actual test masses TM H, actual and TM L, actual will be used, i.e. the average mass m av for the respective test masses. Proposal 4.2.1.3. Weighing Before and after the road load determination procedure, the selected vehicle shall be weighed, including the test driver and equipment, to determine the average mass mav. The mass of the vehicle shall be equal to or higher than the target test mass of vehicle H or vehicle L, at the start of the road load determination procedure. For the test mass correction factor determination in paragraph 4.5.4. of this Annex, the actual test masses TMH,actual and TML,actual will be used, i.e. the average mass mav for the respective test vehicles H and L. TASK: Approval of proposed text in red. STATUS AS OF 22.09.2014: Entered in the GTR requesting comments < 31.10.2014. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting (mass) Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting (mass) Proposal from W. Coleman: 4.2.1.3.1. Vehicle test mass The maximum and minimum values of test mass TM for vehicle H and vehicle L of the CO2 vehicle family shall be calculated as follows: TM_H shall be the sum of the mass in running order, the mass of the optional equipment of vehicle H, 25 kg, and the mass representative of the vehicle load. TM_L shall be the sum of the mass in running order, 25 kg, and the mass representative of the vehicle load The mass representative of the vehicle load shall be 15 per cent for category 1 vehicles or 28 per cent for category 2 vehicles (depending on their anticipated usage to be decided at regional level) from the vehicle load. The vehicle load is the difference between the technically permissible maximum laden mass (LM) and the sum of the mass in running order, 25 kg, and the mass of the optional equipment of vehicle H. TASK: Approval of deletion of the complete paragraph STATUS AS OF 22.09.2014: Entered in the GTR requesting comments < 31.10.2014. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting (mass) Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting (mass) CURRENT GTR 4.2.2.3. Tyre pressure The front and rear tyres shall be inflated to the lower limit of the tyre pressure range for the selected tyre at the coastdown test mass, as specified by the vehicle manufacturer. TASK: Does this paragraph need reworking or is it OK? 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting GTR Text: EXPERT PROPOSAL: 03.11.2014: Proposed change of title. C. Lueginger, A. Feucht STATUS AS OF 16.11.2014: Entered on 03.11.2014 in the GTR as an expert proposal. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting 4.3.1.4.2. These measurements shall be carried out in both directions until a minimum of three consecutive pairs of measurements have been obtained which satisfy the statistical accuracy p, in per cent, defined below. ∆ t j is the mean coastdown time at reference speed vj  in seconds, given by the equation: ∆ t j = 1 n i=1 n ∆t ji , (7) where ∆t ji is the harmonized average coastdown time of the ith pair of measurements at velocity vj , seconds (s), given by the equation: ∆ t ji = 2 1 ∆t jai + 1 ∆t jbi . (8) where: ∆t jai and ∆t jbi are the coastdown times of the ith measurement at reference speed vj , in seconds (s),in each direction, respectively;  EXPERT PROPOSAL: 02.07.2014: vj replaces vi. Experts: A. Feucht, I. Riemersma, C. Lüginger TASK: The three vj’s were incorrectly converted into vi’s during conversion of the GTR into UN ECE format. STATUS AS OF 22.09.2014: Entered in the GTR requesting comments < 31.10.2014. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting GTR Text: EXPERT PROPOSAL: 03.11.2014: Proposed change of title. C. Lueginger, A. Feucht STATUS AS OF 16.11.2014: Entered on 03.11.2014 in the GTR as an expert proposal. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting (mass) Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting (mass) CURRENT GTR: 4.5.4.1. Test vehicle H The correction factor K 1 for the test mass of test vehicle H shall be determined as follows: K 1 = f 0 × 1− TM H TM H, actual (43) where: f 0 is a constant term, N; TM H is test mass of the test vehicle H, kg; TM H, actual is the actual test mass of test vehicle H (the average mass m av ); (see paragraph 4.3.1.4.4. of this Annex), kg. Proposal: 4.5.4.1. Test vehicle H The correction factor K1 for the test mass of test vehicle H shall be determined as follows: 𝐾 1 = 𝑓 0 × 1− 𝑇𝑀 𝐻 𝑇𝑀 𝐻,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 where: fo is a constant term, N; TMH is the target test mass of the test vehicle H, kg; TMH,actual is the actual test mass of test vehicle H (the average mass ; (see paragraph 4.3.1.4.4. of this Annex), kg. TASK: Approval of proposed text in red. STATUS AS OF 22.09.2014: Entered in the GTR requesting comments < 31.10.2014. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting (mass) Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting (mass) CURRENT GTR: 4.5.4.2. Test vehicle L The correction factor K 1 for the test mass of test vehicle L shall be determined as follows: K 1 = f 0 × 1− TM L TM L, actual (44) where: f 0 is a constant term, N; TM L is test mass of test vehicle L, kg; TM L, actual is the actual test mass of the test vehicle L (the average mass m av , see paragraph 4.3.1.4.4. of this Annex), kg. PROPOSAL: 4.5.4.2. Test vehicle L The correction factor K1 for the test mass of test vehicle L shall be determined as follows: 𝐾 1 = 𝑓 0 × 1− 𝑇𝑀 𝐿 𝑇𝑀 𝐿,𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 where: fo is a constant term, N; TML is the target test mass of the test vehicle L, kg; TML,actual is the actual test mass of test vehicle L (the average mass ; (see paragraph 4.3.1.4.4. of this Annex), kg. TASK: Approval of proposed text in red. STATUS AS OF 22.09.2014: Entered in the GTR requesting comments < 31.10.2014. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting (mass) Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting (mass) CURRENT GTR: 5.1. As an alternative for determining road load with the coastdown or torque meter method, a calculation method for default road load may be used. For the calculation of a default road load, several parameters such as test mass, width and height of the vehicle shall be used. The default road load ( F c ) for several speeds v, in km/h, shall be calculated. Reference speeds shall be selected according to paragraph 4.3.1.1 and the default road load ( F c ), in N, for these reference speeds v j , in km/h, shall be calculated. The results of the calculated default road load values shall be used for the setting of the chassis dynamometer. A coastdown test on a chassis dynamometer shall be conducted to ensure the correct settings of the chassis dynamometer. TASK: Does this paragraph need reworking or is it OK? 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting (page 1 of 2) Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting (page 1 of 2) PROPOSAL: 7.2.1. Inertia mass setting The equivalent inertia mass of the chassis dynamometer shall be set to the test mass used at the corresponding road load determination if a dual-axis chassis dynamometer is used. In case a single-axis chassis dynamometer is used, the equivalent inertia mass shall be increased by the inertia of the wheels and connected vehicle parts which are not rotating. If m_r is estimated at 3 per cent of the sum of the mass in running order plus and 25 kg, , the mass added to the inertia setting shall be 1.5 per cent of the sum of the mass in running order and 25 kg UM. If the chassis dynamometer is not capable to meet the inertia setting exactly, the next higher inertia setting shall be applied with a maximum increase of 10 kg. TASK: Approval of the deletion of the text in red. STATUS AS OF 22.09.2014: Entered in the GTR requesting comments < 31.10.2014. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting (page 2 of 2) Expert input required, R. Cuelenaere Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting (page 2 of 2) GTR Text: TASK: OPEN POINT: 18.05.2014: approval of the proposed changes requested. STATUS AS OF 22.09.2014: Entered in the GTR requesting comments < 31.10.2014. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting 2. Terms and definitions Published in paper WLTP-08-28e and approved at WLTP IWG #8 in Pune. Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting 2. Terms and definitions 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting Expert approval requested Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting OPEN POINT: 07.01.2015: Has the term "road load vehicle family" been defined? 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting, Adopted from document WLTP-09-10e at WLTP IWG #9, Geneva, January 2015. Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting, 4.2.1.5.3. Alignment The alignment of the wheels, with respect to toe and camber, shall be set to the maximal deviation from the parallel positions in the range defined by the manufacturer. If however a manufacturer prescribes a value for the vehicle, this prescribed value shall be used. On the request of the manufacturer values with higher deviation from the parallel positions than the prescribed values may be used. The prescribed values shall be the reference for all maintenance during the lifetime of the car. If an alignment parameter is adjustable (track, camber, caster), it Other adjustable wheel alignment parameters (like caster) shall be set to the nominal value of the manufacturer’s intended production vehicle recommended by the manufacturer and in the absence of a nominal recommended value, it shall be set to the mean of the center value of the range defined recommended by  the manufacturer. Such adjustable parameter(s) and set value(s) shall be recorded. Rewording currently in progress between drafting co. and R. Cuelenaere 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting, 4.2.2.2. Tyre condition Expert approval requested Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting, 4.2.2.2. Tyre condition OPEN POINT: 07.01.2015: Question from drafting coordinator: should/could this be added? 1/2/2019

Expert approval requested Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting, 4.3.1.1. Selection of reference speeds OPEN POINT: 07.01.2015: If the struck-out text is retained, does the word "interval" in the last sentence refer to the delta v in 4.3.1.3.2.? 1/2/2019

Published in paper WLTP-08-28e and approved at WLTP IWG #8 in Pune. Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting 4.3.1.3. Vehicle coastdown procedure 1/2/2019

Expert approval requested Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting, 4.3.1.3.2. Vehicle coastdown procedure OPEN POINT: 07.01.2015: Is this delta v the same as the interval referred to in 4.3.1.1.? 1/2/2019

Published in paper WLTP-08-28e and approved at WLTP IWG #8 in Pune. Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting 4.3.1.3.4. Vehicle coastdown procedure 1/2/2019

Expert approval requested Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting, 4.3.1.4.1. Vehicle coastdown procedure OPEN POINT: 07.01.2015: are these delta v the same as in 4.3.1.3.2. and 4.3.1.1.? 1/2/2019

Expert approval requested Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting, 4.3.1.4.4. Vehicle coastdown procedure OPEN POINT: 07.01.2015: should this be vi or vj [it is currently vi]? 1/2/2019

Expert approval requested Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting, 4.3.1.4.5. Vehicle coastdown procedure OPEN POINT: 07.01.2015: please confirm that this is vi and not vj. 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting 5. Default road load Published in paper WLTP-08-28e and approved at WLTP IWG #8 in Pune. Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting 5. Default road load 1/2/2019

Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting Expert approval requested Annex 4, Road load and dynamometer setting 20.01.2015: Completely new section. The new paragraphs are from document WLTP-09-09e which was adopted during WLTP IWG #8 in Pune and reworked for approval at WLTP IWG #9 in Geneva. OPEN POINT: 20.01.2015: Road load family yet to be defined. 1/2/2019

End 1/2/2019