Virology, Pathogenetic Mechanisms, and Associated Diseases of Kaposi Sarcoma- Associated Herpesvirus (Human Herpesvirus 8) Ronit Sarid, PhD, Avraham Klepfish,

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Virology, Pathogenetic Mechanisms, and Associated Diseases of Kaposi Sarcoma- Associated Herpesvirus (Human Herpesvirus 8) Ronit Sarid, PhD, Avraham Klepfish, MD, Ami Schattner, MD Mayo Clinic Proceedings Volume 77, Issue 9, Pages 941-949 (September 2002) DOI: 10.4065/77.9.941 Copyright © 2002 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Diagnostic methods for Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). A, Latent immunofluorescence serologic assay with primary effusion lymphoma cells as an antigen, showing nuclear speckled pattern with KSHV-positive serum. B, Western blot assay with purified bacterially expressed open reading frame (ORF) 65 capsid protein as an antigen. C, Detection of KSHV-specific DNA with the polymerase chain reaction method. GAPDH = glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; HHV-8 = human herpesvirus 8. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2002 77, 941-949DOI: (10.4065/77.9.941) Copyright © 2002 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Induction of cell transformation by Kaposi sarcoma- associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Top, A balance normally exists between growth activators or suppressors. Bottom, This balance is upset after KSHV infection, with both inhibition of growth suppressors such as p53 and retinoblastoma gene products (left) and the addition of growth activators such as viral transcription factors, viral protooncogenes, and inhibitors of apoptosis and viral cytokines (right). LANA = latency-associated nuclear antigen; ORF = open reading frame; pRB = retinoblastoma protein; vBcl-2 = viral Bcl-2; vCyclinD = viral cyclin D; vFLIP = viral FLICE-inhibitory protein; vGPCR = viral G protein-coupled receptor; vIL-6 = viral interleukin 6; vIRF = viral interferon regulatory factor; vMIP = viral macrophage inhibitory protein. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2002 77, 941-949DOI: (10.4065/77.9.941) Copyright © 2002 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research Terms and Conditions