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Ectoparasites

CASE #1

Ear Mites: Otodectes cynotis

Ear Mites *** Otodectes cynotis – live on skin surface in external ear canals Clinical Signs: Brown-black, crusty exudate Very pruritic, may have excoriations around ears

Ear Mites *** Diagnosis: Treatment: Combine exudate w/mineral oil on a slide, observe under microscope Sometimes otoscopic exam will reveal moving debris & mites Treatment: Clean ears prior to topical medications Topical ear medications Ivermectin, milbemycin, others… Selamectin applied transdermally

EAR MITES Revolution (selamectin) Otomite Plus Milbemite (Milbemycin)

Ear Mites *** Client info: Life cycle is 3 weeks -treat for full 30 days Highly contagious, treat all animals in house No human infection

CASE #2

Flea allergy dermatitis Common presentation of flea allergy dermatitis in the dog - Alopecia of the rump, base of tail, caudal thighs

Miliary Dermatitis Common presentation of flea allergy dermatitis in cats

Fleas Ctenocephalides felis – The cat flea is the most commonly isolated flea from dogs and cats Flea saliva highly antigenic=> flea bite allergic dermatitis Clinical Signs Scratching/biting skin Alopecia Dog – affects base of tail and caudal thighs initially, then generalizes Cat- miliary dermatitis Diagnosis: Visualize fleas or flea dirt

Flea Life Cycle *** Adult female produces avg. of 20-28 eggs/day (up to 50) Egg production only after blood meal Incubation period: 2-12 days Larval stage thrives best in humidity After 2 molts, larvae pupates (spins a cocoon) Pupal stage Most resistant Lasts days to months dependent on environmental factors

Flea Life Cycle

Fleas Systemic (spot-ons, injectable, tablets) Advantage (imidacloprid)- once a month spot-on; causes CNS paralysis and death of the flea Sentinel: (Lufenuron)-oral in dogs; injectable in cats); Interferes with production of chitin (hard shell) Frontline (fipronil) - once a month spot-on; causes CNS paralysis or death Revolution (Selamectin) – once a month spot-on; causes CNS paralysis and death; effective for heartworms, sarcoptes, ear mites, intestinal parasites in dogs and cats Comfortis/Trifexis (spinosad) - once a month ORAL tablet; causes CNS paralysis and death Bravecto (fluralaner) – 3 month oral tablet; CNS paralysis and death Capstar (nitenpyram) – daily oral tablet: CNS paralysis and death

Fleas *** Client Info Treat environment and animal Fleas spend most of time off host All animals must be treated Skin damage/dermatitis can occur