Chapter 1 What is Biotechnology

Defining Biotechnology Biotechnology is the study and manipulation of living things or their parts Includes older techniques such as fermentation Recombinant DNA Technology allows us to “cut and paste” DNA and increased the production of previously hard to make products

Estimate the number of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) you come in contact with daily… Explain your answer…. On your notes reflection page

Genetic Modification Statistics (Food)

Methodology in a Research Facility There is no one scientific method, however, scientific methodology is presented by a 5-step process: State a testable scientific question Develop a testable hypothesis Plan a valid experiment Conduct the outlined experiment Form a conclusion based on experimental data

Careers in the Biotechnology Industry Education Requirements As manufacturing of products begin, more people are needed with hands-on experience, namely, laboratory technicians. 7 out of 10 jobs are for lab technicians. 4 yr. Degrees BS in one/some of the following Biochemistry Molecular biology Genetics Biology Some positions require advanced degrees such as: Master of Science (MS) Master of Arts (MA) Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree

Careers in the Biotechnology Industry Continued… Categories of Biotechnology Jobs Scientific Positions: Research & Development Manufacturing & Production Clinical Research Quality control Nonscientific Positions: Information Systems Marketing & Sales Regulatory Affairs Administration/legal affairs

How Companies Select Products to Manufacture Research & Development After, the project enters clinical development, involving: small- and then to large-scale production If pharmaceutical, it must undergo clinical trials under guidelines set by the FDA This process takes many years for any one product to move through the “product pipeline” Revenue from successful products goes to more funding for research and development.

How Companies Select Products to Manufacture Product Development Plan Does the product meet a critical need? Who will use the product? Is the market large enough to produce enough sales? Will the product do what the company claims? Can patent protection be secured? Can a profit be made?

How Companies Select Products to Manufacture Regulations: Rules, guidelines, and strict testing are performed by agencies such as: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Safety and effectiveness must be proven. Many people advocate the speeding of this process because risks of this would be outweighed by the difference they can make for many lives.

GloFish Questions “Google and write in your Lab Notebook” What are GloFish? Describe in detail how they are produced? What is the main purpose of GloFish (How are they used?) What are the controversies surrounding them? List 3 advantages to creating GloFish. List 3 disadvantages to creating GloFish.