Aim: How does classical conditioning impact behavior?

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Presentation transcript:

Aim: How does classical conditioning impact behavior?

Aim: How does classical conditioning impact behavior? Pavlov spent the rest of his life outlining his ideas. He came up with 5 critical terms that together make up classical conditioning. Acquisition Extinction Spontaneous Recovery Generalization Discrimination

Aim: How does classical conditioning impact behavior?

Acquisition Does timing matter? The initial stage of learning. Aim: How does classical conditioning impact behavior? The initial stage of learning. The phase in which the neutral stimulus (NS) is associated with the UCS so that the NS comes to evoke a conditioned response Does timing matter? The CS should come before the UCS They should be very close together in timing.

Extinction The diminishing of a conditioned response. Aim: How does classical conditioning impact behavior? The diminishing of a conditioned response. occurs when an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) is no longer paired with the CS. Is extinction permanent?

Aim: How does classical conditioning impact behavior? Spontaneous Recovery The reappearance of an extinguished conditioned response after a rest period.

Aim: How does classical conditioning impact behavior? Generalization The tendency, once a response has been conditioned, for stimuli similar to the CS to elicit similar responses.

Discrimination Aim: How does classical conditioning impact behavior? The learned ability to distinguish between a CS and other stimuli that does not signal UCS.

John B. Watson & Classical Conditioning Aim: How does classical conditioning impact behavior? John B. Watson & Classical Conditioning Watson: Founder of Behaviorism. Took Pavlov’s ideas and put them to new & more rigorous tests. “Little Albert” & Generalization Watson demonstrated: Creation of fear in a child in response to a neutral stimulus. Paired a rat with a fear-inducing stimulus - a loud noise, the child eventually became fearful of related stimuli - a Generalization.

Aim: How does classical conditioning impact behavior? UCS - UCR - NS - CS - CR - Loud Noise Fear, crying, madness, misery Rat Fear

Aversive Conditioning Conditioned to have a negative response to a stimulus Examples: to stop someone from biting their nails, some people pain them with horrible tasting materials

Biological Predispositions of CC Aim: How does classical conditioning impact behavior? An animal’s capacity for conditioning is constrained by its biology Certain species are disposed to learn particular associations that enhance their survival If we CC a rat to associate radiation with water, would it be most affected by the SIGHT of water, the TASTE, or the SOUND?

Biological Predispositions of CC Aim: How does classical conditioning impact behavior? John Garcia studies: researched the effect of radiation on lab animals Rats developed aversions to the TASTES but not the sights or sounds Makes ADAPTIVE sense: rats rely on sense of taste more to survive

Taste Aversions You ingest an unusual food or drink and then become sick, you will likely develop an aversion to that food or drink